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DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON PAPUAN
PLANTS,
BY
BAEON FEED. VON IDELLEE^K:.C.I.&., M. & PH.D., F.E.S.
VI.
From 1875 to 1877 the writer of the present notes issued five
small parts of a publication on “Papuan Plants,” for which
issue the material became directly available to him and this
largely through the kindness of the Missionaries in the south-
eastern parts of New Guinea. Since then the work was
discontinued, not only because the access of actually new
additional material proving scanty, hut also because Dr. B.
Beccari, who was personally engaged in Papuan Explorations,
had commenced in 1877 his learned and splendidly illustrated
“Malesia,” in which work the Papuan plants, gathered mainly
by this distinguished Naturalist, were to appear along with
numerous others, obtained by him in the Sunda-Islands
Although now six parts of the “ Malesia ” have appeared, the
last in 1884, only a very limited number of natural orders
became as yet investigated, which is not surprising, when the
vastness of the material, accruing from Dr. Beccari’s long
itinerations, is considered. Under these circumstances it seemed
not advisable, to postpone Australian researches concerning the
Flora of New Guinea any longer, merely on account of similar
2 Descripti'ce Notes on Papuan Plants.
engagements of the Italian Phytographer, especially also as
all our material here came from the south-eastern portion of
tlie great island, whereas Beccari’s Papuan collections were
accumulated in the north-western part, except some of those,
wliich from Signor D’Alhertis’s second dashing expedition passed
into his hands. An additional reason for resuming, with minis-
terial sanction, the Victorian publication on Papuan plants
is given by the recent despatch of an Expedition imder
Capt. Everill through the Geographic Society of Australia and
under the auspices of the Governments of New South Wales and
Victoria, to the Aird-River and the mountainous tracts of
country beyond, — rich residts also for phytology being expected
from that expeebtion, to be rendered known from Australia.
Moreover the almost simultaneous start of Mr. H. 0. Forbes, to
ascend the Owen Stanley’s Ranges from Port Moresby, a feat
long urged by the writer of the present essay, holds out further
great hopes of adding very extensively also to our knowledge
of the Papuan Flora, and that from regions, in w'hich the
endemic characteristics of the vegetation must culminate. Also
from this expedition, though planned by scientific societies of
Britain, we in Australia may expect to benefit in our own
Papuan researches, half of the expenditure of Mr. Forbes’s
enterprise being defrayed by our Geographic Society here from
the Governments fund under its control. Thus it becomes reaUy
requisite now, to collect the scattered notes on the New Guinea
Flora, Avhich appeared since the discontinuance of the “ Papuan
Plants” in various local periodicals from researches of the writer
of this work ; and it seems also advisable, to add notes on those
records of Dr. Beccari’s New Guinean plants, which did not
appear in the Malesia, but in different monographic essays
mostly by other authors. Through the means, now here adopted,
the furtherance of elucidations of the New Guinean vegetation
will become facilitated, as well in Florence as in Melbourne
and indeed elsewhere also, more particularly so as likely through
3
Descriptive, Notes on Papuan Plants.
methodic explorations under the aid of all the Australian Colonial
Governments the resources of the great Papuan Island, in which
we here are so prominently interested, will become early and
extensively revealed.
Melbourne, June 1885.
NYMPHiEACE^.
Baeclata Mottleyi.
J. Hooker in transact. Linn. Soc. xxiii. t. 21.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
Noted by Dr. Beccari in Signor D’Albertis’s “ New Guinea,” ii. 396.
menispermea:.
Stephania heenandifolia.
Walpers, repertor. bot. syst. i. 96.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
monimiacea:.
Mollinedia Huegeliana.
Tulasne in Annal. des scienc. nat. s4r. quatr. iii. 45.
Lorne-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Fruit-bearing branchlets seen, apparently belonging to this species.
A second species occurs on Owen Stanley’s Range, but is known only
from very imperfect specimens.
laurinea;.
Massoia aeomatica.
Beccari in D’Albertis, New Guinea ii. 398.
On the Fly-River and in various other localities.
The spicy bark of this tree is much sought by the Malays and may
possess medicinal virtue.
B 2
4
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
CRUCIFERS.
Brassica Timoriana.
Sinapis Timoriana, De Candolle prodr. i. 219 ; Re Lessert, icon. ii. 88 ; Decaisne in
Nouv. annal. du mus. iii. 425 ; Miquel, fl. Ind. Batav. i. pars alt. p. 94.
Near the Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt.
PITTOSPOREAtl.
PiTTOSPORUM FERRUGINEUM.
Alton, liort. Kew, sec. edit. ii. 27.
On Astrolabe-Range ; VV. Armit.
First noted as Papuan in the “Viet. Naturalist,” April 1885.
DROSERACE^.
Drosera Indica.
Linn6, spec, plantar. 282.
Jervis-Island ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
FLACOURTIACEA5.
Pangium edule.
Reinwardt in Blume’s Catal. van Gewassen in Lands plantentuin te Buitenzorg
p. 112.
Fly-River ; D’ Albertis. Near the Finisterre-Mountains ; Mikluho-
Maclay.
VIOLACE^.
Hybanthus enneaspermus.
F. V. M., fragm. phytogr. Austr. x. 81.
Jervis-Island ; Rev. James Chalmers.
POLYGALACEiE.
Polygala leptalea.
Re Candolle, prodr. i. 325.
Murray-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
GERANIACE^.
OXALIS CORNICULATA.
Linnd, spec, plant. 435.
South Cape ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
5
STERCULIACE^.
Ptekocymbium Javanicum.
R. Brown in Horsfield’s plant. Javan, rar. p. 219, t. xlv.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis, according to Beccari, 1. c. p. 396.
TILIACE^.
Aristotelia Papuana.
P. V. M. in Wing’s S. Sc. Record, Aug. 1881.
Near the Astrolabe-Range ; Rev. Jame.s Chalmers.
MALVACE^.
Urena sinuata.
Linn6, sp. pi. 692.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
DIPTEROCARPEA5.
Vatica Papuana.
Dyer in Trimen’s journal of Botany 1878, p. 99.
Mount Arfak ; Beccari.
EUPHORBIACE^.
Breynia cernua.
J. Mueller in De Cand. prodr. xv. part. ii. 439.
Kudipo and Aniwarupu near Kerepunu ; Rev. James Chalmers.
Aleurites triloba.
R. and G. Forster, char. gen. Ill, t. 56.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
MELIACE^.
Melia Azedaracii.
Linn4, spec, plant. 384.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
Aglaia Zippelii.
Miquel, Annal. mus. hot. Lugd. iv. 55.
New Guinea, with A. litoralis (Miq. v. 4) ; Zippelius.
6
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
SAPINDACE^.
ArHANIA CUSPIDATA.
Radlkofer in D’Albertis’s New Guinea ii. 396.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
CUPANIA BRACIITPIIYLLA.
Arytera braoliypliylla, Radlkofer 1. c. p. 396.
IIarpullia angustifolia.
Radlkofer, 1. c. p. 396.
AMENTACEiE.
Quercus D’Albertisii.
P. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist, Dec. 1884.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
Quercus Gulliveri.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist, Pebr. 1885.
Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfelt.
CASE^ARINE^.
Casuarina nodiflora.
G. Forster in Murray syst. veget. p. 840 (1784).
Astrolabe-Range, common ; G. Belford.
STACKHOUSIACE^.
Stackhousia viminea.
Smith in Rees cycl. xxxiii. (1819).
Jervis-Island ; Rev. James Chalmers. This locality (about 9° 55' S.)
Las been regarded as Papuan, being nearer to New Guinea than to any
part of Continental Australia.
AMARANTACEiE.
Gompiirena globosa.
Linn4, spec, plant. 224.
South-Eastern part of New Guinea ; Armit.
POLYGONACE.^.
Mueiilenbeckia platyclada.
F. v. M. in Hooker’s bot. magazine, t. 5382.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
Descriptive Notes on Papmn Plants.
1
COMBRETACE^.
Gyrocarpus Americanus.
N. Jacquin, select, stirp. Amer. hist. 282, t. 178.
Aroa-Eiver ; W. Armit.
Quisqualis Indica.
Linnd, spec, plant, ed. sec. p. 556.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis, according to Dr. Beccari.
RHAMNACE.^.
Alphitonia excelsa.
Reisseck in Bndl. gen. pi. 1098.
South Cape ; Rev. James Chalmers.
LEGUMINOS.^
Crotalaria medicaginea.
Lamarck, encycl. m4th. ii. 201.
Jervis-Islaud ; Rev. James Chalmers.
Indigofera hirsuta.
Linn4, spec, plant. 751.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Larves.
Desmodium pulchelluk.
Bentham, flor. Hongkong, 83.
Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt.
Desmodium triquetrum.
De Candolle, prodr. ii. 326.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
Desmodium polycarpum.
De Candolle, prodr. ii. 334.
Near Ovren Stanley’s Range and on Jervis-Island ; Rev. James
Chalmers.
ZORNIA DIPHYLLA.
Persoon, synops. plant, ii. 318.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
8
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Eriosema Ciiinense.
T. Vogel in Meyen’s Beitr. zur Bot. 31.
Near South Cape ; Eev. James Chalmers.
Ekttiirina Indica.
Lamarck, encycl. m4th. ii. 391.
Yala-Eiver ; W. Armit.
Cassia Absus.
Linn^, spec, plant. 376.
Port Moresby and Jervis-Island ; Eev. J. Chalmers.
Adenantiieea pavonina.
Linn^, spec, plant. 384.
Fly-Elver ; D’Albertis.
SAXIFEAGE^.
POLTOSMA HELICIOIDES.
Leaves on very short stalks, lanceolar-ovate, remotely and pointedly
denticulated, when young beset on the under side with scattered
appressed hair ; pedicels extremely short ; flowers rather small, very
slender, outside imperfectly grey-silky ; anthers shorter than the fila-
ments, the latter as well as the style slightly hairy.
On Astrolahe-Eange ; George Belford.
This plant seems specifically diflPerent from the Javanic P. ilicifolia
already in still shorter leaf-stalks and more slender flowers ; the fruit
remains unknown, and may exhibit further differences. Like other
congeners this one also reminds of some Helicias in aspect.
THYMELEiE.
PiMELEA CORNUCOPIA.
Solander in Vahl, enum. Plant, i. 305.
Near Astrolahe-Eange ; George Belford.
PUALERIA BlUMEI.
Bentliam, flora Austral, vi. 38.
Murray-Island ; Eev. James Chalmers.
The length of the calyx seems subject to some variation.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
9
Phaleria coccinea.
Pseudais coccinea, Decaisne in Annal. des Scienc. nat. s4r. second xix. 40
Drymispermum coccineum, Beccari in D’Alb. New Guinea ii. 398.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
PROTEACEiE.
Geevillea Edelfeltii.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist, Febr. 1885.
Astrolabe-Range, on damp rocks in shady places ; Edelfelt.
Generic definition doubtful, as neither flowers nor fruits were brought,
RUBIACE.^.
Bikkia Beidgeana.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist, Febr. 1885.
Dixon’s Bay, Bessel-Island ; Capt. Cyprian Bridge, R.N.
Oldenlandia auricularia.
F. V. M. syst. Census of Austr. plants, 74.
Cloudy Mountains ; Capt. Bridge.
Oldenlandia panicdlata.
Linn<i, sp. pi. sec. ed. 1667.
Murray-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
CUCURBITACEiE.
Trichosanthes longieloea.
Cogniaux in A. & C. de Cand. monograph, phanerogam, iii. 374.
Soron ; Dr. Beccari.
Momoedica mixta.
Roxburgh, hort. Benghal. 70.
Ramoi and Andai ; Dr. Beccari.
Benincasa ceeifera.
Savi in Bibl. Ital. ix. 158.
New Guinea ; D’Albertis.
Melotheia mucronata.
Cogniaux in A. & C. de Cand. monogr. phanerog. iii. 608.
Andai ; Beccari.
10
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Zanonia Indica.
Linn4, spec. pi. ed. sec. 1457.
Fly-River ; D’ Albertis.
Zanonia mackosperma.
Blume, Bijdrag. 937.
Audai- and Aru-Islands ; Beccari, according to Cognianx.
Alsomitea Beccakiana.
Cogniaux in A. & C. de Cand. monogr. plianerog. iii. 932.
Kei-Island ; Beccari.
COMPOSITE.
VlTTADINIA BRACK YCOMOIDES.
P. V. M. fragm. phytogr. Austr. v. 86.
Near Astrolabe-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Centipeda orbicularis.
Loureiro, flor. Cochinchin. ii. 492.
Cloudy Mountains and Lorne-Range ; Capt. Bridge.
Diciirocepiiala erecta.
L’Heritier in Desf. catal. hort. Paris, 1804, p. 95.
Lorne-Range ; Capt. Bridge.
BlUMEA LACTUCIFOLIA.
Wallioh, numerical list 3088.
Soron ; Dr. E. Beccari.
This and the six following New Guinean Composite are given from
Signor U. Martelli s treatise on Dr. Beccari’s Malayan and Papuan Com-
posites in Camel’s Nuovo Giornale Botanico xv. 281-305 (1883).
Blumea Ciiinensis.
De Candolle, prodr. v. 444.
Mount Arfak ; Dr. Ed. Beccari.
Blumea Arfakiana.
Martelli in Camel giorn. xv. 292.
Mount Arfak ; Dr. Beccari.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
11
BlUMEA VIRENS.
De Candolle in Wight contrib. 14.
Humboldt’s Bay ; Dr. Beccari.
Bltjmea aeomatica.
De Candolle, prodr. v. 88.
Fly-Eiver ; D’Albertis.
Miceoglossdm volubile.
De Candolle, prodr. v. 320.
Mount Arfak ; Dr. Beccari.
Mount Arfak
AnAPHALIS LONGIFOLIA.
De Candolle, prodr. vi. 271.
Dr. Beccari.
Gnaphalium ltjteo-album.
Linn^, spec, plant. 851.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
Gynura sarmentosa.
De Candolle, prodr. vi. 298.
Soron; Dr. Beccari; also in S.E. New Guinea; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
Crepis Japonica.
Bentham, flora Hongkong, 194.
Lorne-Range ; Capt. Bridge, R.N.
CAMPANULACE^.
Wahlenbeegia gracilis.
Alph. de Candolle, monogr. campan. 142.
Murray- and Jervis-Islands ; Rev. James Chalmers.
CANDOLLEACE^.
Candollea uliginosa.
P. V. M. syst. Census of Austr. pi. 86.
Jervis-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
12
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
GOODENIACE^.
SC^VOLA Amboinensis.
Miquel, Annal. Mus. bot. Lugd. Batav. i. 210.
Mount Astrolabe ; G. Belford.
ERICACEiE.
Rhododendron Toverenas.
F. V. M. in Viot. Naturalist i. 101 (1884).
On Mount Owen Stanley’s Range, at a height of several thousand
feet ; C. Hunstein.
SAPOTACEiE.
Illipe Maclayana.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist i. 168.
Near the Finisterre-Mountains.
Illipe Erskineana.
F. V. M. in Melbourne Chemist, April 1885.
South Cape ; Rev. J. Chalmers and Rev. W. Gill.
Since the description of this economically important species was
published, the telling work of the Rev. Will. Wyatt Gill and the Rev.
James Chalmers (on their missionary travels in New Guinea from
1877-1885) has reached me, in which at p. 329 is referred to the
Poti-Poti as an umbrageous tree, attaining 60 feet in height, and yield-
ing a globular one-seeded fruit as much as three inches diametrically
wide, of apple-smell and agreeable peculiar taste.
APOCYNEAE.
Tabernasmontana aurantiaca.
Gaudioliaud in Freyc. voy. 50 et 55, t. 61.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
Identified by Dr. Beccari.
ACANTHACEiE.
Eranthemum variabile.
R. Brown, prodr. 477.
Lorne-Range ; Capt. Bridge.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
13
BIGNONIACE^.
Dolichandeone Rheedei.
Seemann, journ. of Bot. viii. 380 (1870).
Near Astrolabe-Range ; E. G-. Edelfelt.
GESNERIACE^.
jEschynanthus Aeeakensis.
C. B. Clarke in A. & C. de Cand. monogr. phaner. v. 36.
Mount Arfak ; Dr. Beccari.
iEsCHTNANTHUS TUBIPLOKUS.
Clarke, 1. c. 36.
Ausys ; Beccari.
iEsCHYNANTHUS LEPTOCLADUS.
Clarke, 1. c. 39.
Mount Arfak, 6,000 feet ; Beccari.
ASschynanthus podocarpus.
Clarke, 1. c. 40.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
ADschynanthus verticillatus.
Clarke, 1. c. 40.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
Only foliage known ; the generical position suggested by the author
of the present work.
AIsCHYNANTHUS MICROTRICnUS.
Clarke, 1. c. 51, t. iii.
Mount Arfak, 6,000 feet ; Beccari.
Diciieotrichum Chaemeesii.
P. V. M. in Melb. Chemist, June 1884.
Owen Stanley’s Range ; Rev. Janies Chalmers.
Dichrotrichum beevipes.
Clarke, 1. c., t. iv.
Mount Arfak ; Beccari.
14
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
B^a Tkeubei.
Forbes in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. 297.
Astrolabe-Kange ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
In absence of fruit this showy plant was referred by me to Didymo-
carpus (Wing’s South. Sc. Rec. Oct. 1882), but the likelihood of a
transfer to Baa being required was then already indicated.
BiEA Ukvillei.
Clarke, 1. e. 147.
Island Waigiou ; Admiral D’Urville.
Epithema Benthami.
Clarke, 1. c. 180.
Mount Arfak ; Beccari.
CaRTANDRA DECURRENS.
De Vriese, pi. Ind. Batav. Reinw. 14.
Andai ; Dr. Beccari.
Identified by Mr, Clarke.
Cyrtandra caltcina.
Bentham in Hook. Bond, journ. ii. 229.
New Guinea ; Hinds, Zippel ; — r-at Ramoi ; Beccari.
Cyrtandra hapalantha.
Clarke, 1. c. 252.
At Ramoi ; Beccari.
Cyrtandra ligdlipera.
Clarke, 1. c. 252.
At Andai and also on Mount Arfak ; Beccari.
Cyrtandra Albertisii.
Clarke, 1. c. 254.
Fly-River; D’Albertis.
SOLANACE^.
PlIYSALIS MINIMA.
Murray-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Aroa-River, W. Armit.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
15
LOGANIACE^.
Buddleya Asiatica.
Loureiro, fl. Cochinchin. 72.
Aroa-River ; W. Armit.
The small-flowered variety.
CONVOLVULACE./E.
IPOMffiA EEECTA.
R. Brown, prodr. 487.
Jervis-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Evolvulus linifolius.
Linn^, sp. pi. sec. edit. 392.
Murray-Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
LABIATAE.
Coleus scutellaeoides.
Bentham in Wall. pi. Asiat. rarior. ii. 16.
Near Port Moresby; Rev. James Chalmers.
CYCADE..^.
C.TCAS Scbatchleyana.
P. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist, Apr. 1885.
Mount Bedford, Jala-River, W. Armit.
ORCHIDE.^.
Dendeobium cincinnatum.
P. v. M. m proc. Roy. Soc. Queensl. i. part 3 (1884).
South-Eastern New Guinea. Described from a cultivated specimen,
received through F. M. Bailey, Esq., F.L.S., from the hot. Garden of
Brisbane.
Dendeobium Chalmeesii.
P. v. M. in Wing’s S. Sc. Record, May 1882.
North-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Dendeobium Albeetisii.
G. Reichenbaoh in D’Albertia’s New Guinea, 399.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
16
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Dendrobium Lawesii.
F. V. M. in Melb. Chemist, June 1884.
Owen Stanley’s Ranges ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
It is allied to D. trichostomum, G. Reichenb. in Linnma, 1876, p. 46.
Dendrobium JoHNSoNiiE.
F. V. M. in Wing’s Southern Science Record, May 1882.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
From access to more specimens I can now furnish some additional
notes on this superb species, which meanwhile has also found its way
into conservatory-cultivation.
Root emitting elongated flexuous strong fibres ; stem erect, from 8
inches to much higher, attenuated at the base, gradually thickened
towards the middle and also to some extent upwards, contracted again
at the summit, consisting of several joints, cylindrical, conspicuously
furrowed, in small specimens only about | an inch wide at the thickest
part, in larger specimens considerably stouter. Leaves few, terminal,
almost ovate or lanceolatcTOvate, 2-4 inches long, thickly chartaceous,
slightly keeled. Racemes infra-terminal, bearing few or several
flowers ; peduncle rather slender. Gynostemiiim minutely two-horned.
Anther operculate, blunt, ending in a depressed callus. Pollen masses
of waxy consistence, yellow, erect, connate in two pairs, these again
coherent, each of the constituting bodies being dimidiate-globular.
The characteristics of the anther could only be observed on a solitary
flower ; hence further observations are to be instituted, whether the
structure thus far points really to Dendrobium, the other floral charac-
teristics reminding of Phalmnopsis. It is however cognate to D. Sumneri
(F. V. M. fr. vi. 94) and D. Phatenopsis (Fitzg. in Gardn. Chron. 1883
p. 38 ; Austral. Orcb. part 7) ; of the latter also an excellent representation
is given in the Bot. Mag. May 1885, where the great work on Austr.
Orchids is referred to as “ a solitary example of an illustrated bot. publi-
cation of a high order of merit emanating from a British Colony,” a sen-
tence not just to science in other dominions of the British Colonial Empire.
Dendrobium bifalcc, mentioned already in this work I. p. 14, has
been already (1862) transferred to the genus Doritis (near Phalaenopsis)
by the great orchidographer Dr. G. Reiehenbach in his Xenia ii. 7.
17
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
To Doritis belongs also (as D. paniculata) the Carteretia paniculata
(Aeh. Rich. sert. Astrolabe p. 10, t. 4) ; conf. B. & H. gen. pi. Ill,
574 ; to the same species should likewise be joined Saccolabium
quinquefidum, Bindley in Hook. Bond, journ. II, 238. — Dendrobium
arachnostachyum, G. Eeiehenbach in the Gardeners’ Chronicle 1877,
p. 334, may also prove a Papuan species.
Cleisostoma crtptochilum:.
P. V. M. in Wing’s S. So. Record, May 1885.
Astrolabe-Ranges ; G. Belford.
Appendicula Chalmersiana.
F. V. M. in Wing’s S. So. Record, May 1885.
Astrolabe-Ranges ; Rev. James Chalmers.
Pholidota imbricata.
Bindley in Hook. exot. Flor. ii. t. 138.
Jala-River ; W. Armit.
SCITAMINiE.
Clinogyne dichotoma.
Salisbury in transact, hort. soo. of London i. 276.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis ; according to Dr. Beccari, who quotes this
plant under Wallich s and Dietrich’s appellation as IMaranta dichotoma.
AMARYBBIDE.®.
HypOXIS HYGROIIETRICA.
Labillardiire, Nov. Holl. plant, spec. i. 82, t. 108.
Near Port-Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Bawes.
BIBIACE^.
Dianella ensieolia.
He Candolle & Redouts Liliacese, t. 1.
Cloudy Mountains, Borne-Range ; Capt. Bridge.
Arthropodium strictum.
R. Brown, prodr. 276.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W. G. Bawes.
VOL. II.
c
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Iphigenia Indica.
Kunth, enumer. plant, iv. 213.
Near Astrolabe-Eange ; W. Armit.
COMMELYNE^.
Aneilema giganteum.
R. Brown, prodr. 271.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
TACCACE^.
Tacca pinnatipida.
R. & G. Forster, charact. gener. 69, t. 35.
South-Eastern New Guinea; Rev. James Chalmers.
PANDANE^.
FRErciNETIA INSIGNIS.
Blume, Rumphia, 158, t. 42.
Fly-River ; D’Alhertis ; according to Dr. Beccari.
AROIDE^.
PiSTIA StRATIOTES.
Linn^, spec, plant. 963.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
RESTIACEAS.
Restio PILISEPALUS.
Steudel, sjn. glumac. ii. 256.
Island Waigiou ; Admiral D’Grville.
Fruit unknown ; genus therefore doubtful.
CYPERACE^.
Fuirena umbellata.
Rottboell, icon, et descript, rar. plant. 70, t. 19,
Aroa-River ; Armit.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
19
GRAMINE^.
Panicum semialatum.
R. Brown, prodr. 192.
Near the Laloki-River ; obtained during the Argus-Expedition by
Mr. W. Armit.
Panicum brevifolium.
Linn6, spec, plant. 59.
Near the Laloki-River ; W. Armit.
Panicum plicatum,
Lamarck, illustr. des genr. i. 171.
On the Laloki-River ; W. Armit.
IsACHNE Australis.
R. Brown, prodr. 196.
Near Lorne-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Paspalum minutiplorum.
Steudel, syn. gluinac. i. 17.
On the Aroa-River ; W. Armit.
Setaria glauca.
Palisot, Agroatogr. 61, t. 13.
Near the Papuan G-ulf ; W. Armit. Near Port Moresby ; Rev. W.
G. Lawes.
Pennisetum macrostachtum.
Trinius in M4m. de FAcad. de St. Petersb. 6 s&. i. 177.
Cloudy Mountains ; Capt. Bridge. Near the Aroa-River; W. Armit.
This accords well with Bessa’s delineation in the bot. Atlas to
Duperrey’s voyage t. 11, except that the styles are united below the
stigmas.
Stenotaphrum subulatum.
Trinius, M4m. de FAc. de St. Petersb. 6eme s^r. i. 190.
Coast of New Guinea ; Dr. Naumann.
Collected during the Gazelle-voyage.
20
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Chionachne ctathopoda.
F. V. M. in Benth. fl. Austral, vii. 516.
Cloudy Mountains ; Capt. Bridge.
Eleusine Indica.
Gagrtner, de fructib. i. 7.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Armit (Argus-Expedition).
Impeeata arundinacea.
Cyrillo, plant, rar. Neapol. fasc. ii. 26.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Eev, James Chalmers. Especially at
Bessel’s Island ; Capt. Bridge, R.N.
LYCOPODIACEiE.
Selaginella Victoria.
Moore in Gardeners’ Cliron. 1879, p. 74.
Louisiade-Archipelagus ; Capt. Bridge.
Identified with the following by Mr. J. G. Baker.
Selaginella WALLicnii.
Spring, monograph, de la fam. des Lycop. ii. 143.
Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfelt.
Selaginella Muelleri.
Baker in Britten’s journ. of Bot. xxiii. 122.
Near Port Moresby ; Edelfelt. Mount Bedford ; Armit.
Selaginella latipolia.
Spring, monogr. ii. 168.
Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfelt.
Lycopodium pinipolium.
Blume, enum. pi. Javan. 264.
Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt, who found there also L. squar
rosum and Selaginella caulescens.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
21
FILICES.
Ophioglossum pendulum.
Linn4, spec, plant, ed. alt. 1518.
Towards Owen Stanley’s Eange ; Chalmers. Mount Bedford ; Armit.
A furcated variety with the ordinary form.
Ltgodium scandens.
Swartz in Schrad. journ. ii. 106.
Jala-River ; Armit.
Trichomanes pallidum.
Blume, enum. fil. Javan. 225.
Jala-River; W. Armit.
Trichomanes Javanicum.
Blume, enum. filic. Javan. 224.
Mount Bedford; W. Armit.
Angiopteris evecta.
G. HoflOnann in comment. Goett. xii. 29.
Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfelt. Jala-River ; W. Armit.
Marattia eraxinea.
Smith, plant, icon. t. 48.
Mount Bedford ; W. Armit. Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt.
Ceratopteris thalictroides.
Brogniart in Bullet, de la Soc. philomat. 186.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Lindsaya concinna.
J. Smith in Hook. joum. iii. 415.
Mount Bedford ; W. Armit. Obtained during the Argus-Expedition
with several of the other ferns here mentioned.
Pteris geranieolia.
Raddi, syn. filic. Brasil. 46.
Mount Bedford ; W, Armit. Astrolabe -Range ; E. G. Edelfelt.
22
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
T^nitis blechnoides.
Swartz, synops. filic. 24 et 220.
Mount Bedford ; W. Armit.
Aspidium uliginosum.
Kunze in ScMechtend. Linnaea xx. 6.
Near Port Moresby ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
POLTPODITTM DIPTERIS.
Blume, enum. filic. Javan. 174, t. 81.
Aroa-River ; W. Armit.
Polypodium adnascens.
Swartz, synops. filic. 25 et 228.
Laloki-River ; W. Armit.
P OLTPODIUM SUBDIGITATUM.
Blume, enum. fil. Jav. 196, t. 13.
Towards Port Moresby; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Aceostichum repandum.
Blume, fl. Javae 39, t. 14 et 15.
Near South Cape ; Capt. Bridge. Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt.
Acrostichum spicatum.
Mount Bedford, at 3,600 feet altitude; W. Armit.
evascular plants as yet a most scanty number is on record from
any part of the Papuan Island. The few, known to me, are comprised
m the following list:-JW.; Rhizogonium spiniforme, Neckera
p y ogomacea, Leucophanes Reinwardtiana, Entodon Lawesii and
seemingly a tall Dawsonia. Lichens: Leptogonium inflatum, L. tre-
melloides, Ocellaria Papuana, Chiodecton rubricinctum, Graphis venosa,
pegraphe melanophthalma, Trypethelium grossum, Porina prmstans,
P. multiseptata; all these lichens from Dr. Naumann’s gatherings.
Fungs: Lentinus calvescens, Panus torulosus, Lenzites aspera, Poly-
porus xanthopus, P. sanguineus, P. flabelliformis, P. longipes, P.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
23
Leprieurii, P. australis, P. senex, P. Hasskarlii, Trametes occidentalis,
Hexagonia polygramma, Stereum Bonjanum, S. lobatum ; all obtained
by Mr. Armit. Algs : Sargassum decurrens, Cystophyllum muricatum,
Turbinaria vulgaris, Cbneospora obtusangula, Hydroclatbrus cancellatus,
Vidalia pumila, Amansia glomerata, Acanthophora dendroides, Desmia
ambigua, Gracilaria lichenoides, Sarcodia palmata, Hypnea hanmlosa,
H. seticulosa, Phycoseris reticulata, CliEetomorpha valida. These
cryptogamic plants were named by the following renowned specialists
respectively : Dr. C. Mueller, Dr. J. Mueller, Dr. M. C. Cooke, Dr. W.
Sender. New Guinea ought to yield us thousands of evascular crypto-
grams from its lowlands j ungles up to its alpine summits.
The following genera of plants are now known to be represented
also in New Guinea, irrespective of those mentioned in the Malesia
and in the present work ; but the Papuan species so far have as yet
not been defined from the mostly imperfect material available : Oxymitra,
Chloranthus, Busbequea, Crataeva, Schuurmansia, Sterculia, Triumfetta,
Hopea, Vateria, Antidesma, Omalanthus, Elatostemma, Cudrania,
Celastrus, Samadera, Spondias, Mollugo, Salicornia, Alysicarpus,
Cajanus, Uraria, Pueraria, Strongylodon, Lagerstrcemia, Nauclea,
Lasianthus, Modccca, Hodgsonia, Cucumis, Agapetes, Labisia, Ardisia,
Diospyros, Strychnos, Melodinus, Graptophyllum, Buechnera, Spato-
glottis, Habenaria, Smilax, Monochoria, Scirpodendron, Hypelythrum,
Sporobolus, Cyathea, Alsophila, Hypolepis, Spiridens. Several of these
were first mentioned as Papuan by Dr. Beccari in D’Albertis’s New
Guinea ii. 396-400, where also additional notes on Palms are given.
Of many of the genera, previously recorded, now additional species are
known, often however only in a state insufficient for exact examination.
The six parts of Dr. Beccari’s splendid “ Malesia,” issued between
1877 and 1884, contain accounts of plants belonging to the orders of
Magnoliaceffi, Monimiaceaj, Myristicacese, Nepenthaceae, Violacese,
Chailletiacese, Euphorbiacea;, Olacinae, Araliaceae, Rubiaceae, Ericaceae,
Coniferaa, Cycadese, Burmanniaccaa, Aroidae and Palmae — Papuan
species being described along with others from the Sunda-Islands, often
extensively and connectedly.
On coxmting up, what is known now of the Papuan vegetation with
specific exactitude, it will be found, that about 1,000 species stand as
24 Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
hitherto defined on literary record. Of these the writings of Blume,
Miquel and Scheffer gave about 380 ; Beccari’s Malesia added to them
about 140, largely new to science ; the “ Papuan Plants ” up to date
made additions to the extent of about 420, mostly known from India
and Australia before (including 34 evasculares) ; De Candolle’s mono-
graphise and some other recent works give about 60 more. Thus the
species of plants, hitherto determined, are forming probably not more
than one-third or even only one-fourth of those, constituting the flora
of vasculares of the great Papuan Island.
From these and other data we are justified to conclude already, that
the botanic (though far less the zoologic) features of the Papuan low-
lands are mainly Malayan ; but it remains yet to be ascertained,
whether the highland-flora of New Guinea is chiefly repeating Hima-
laian or perhaps Australian types or largely presenting endemic forms.
The known presence of Araucaria and Epacridae in temperate altitudes
vindicating already for the up-land flora of New Guinea to some
extent an Australian character, while the vegetation of the north-east
portion of the Australian continent is largely Malayan also.
These questions of the features of the Papuan flora — so important for
phyto-geography — will with other scientific problems likely be solved
this year to some degree through the two expeditions, which just set
out on their glorious errands, — the one under the command of Capt.
Everill, E.N., and provided for by the Governments of New South
Wales and Victoria ; the other under the leadership of Mr. H. O. Forbes ;
the former fitted out by the Geographic Society of Australia solely, the
other by that society and several English scientific unions jointly.
Melbourne, June 1885.
DBSCEIPTIVE NOTES ON PAPUAN
PLANTS,
BY
BAKON FEED. VON MUELLEK, LCJEO., M. & PH.I)., E.E.S.
VII.
This part of the present publication contains plants from
various sources, among them some of the species, collected during
Cajit. Everill’s recent Expedition, the majority of which will he
enumerated, so far as new, in the eighth part. While submitting
these additional records of the Papuan Flora, it is to be regretted,
that so many fair opportunities are absolutely lost by private
navigators and travellers, who latterly visited various i^arts of
British New Guinea, for adding to our knowledge of the vegeta-
tion by the simple process of pressing and drying specimens of
any kinds of plants, either in flower or in fruit, — as thus many new
forms would come under elucidation, and also many rare though
known species would be brought under review for records of
additional localities and perhaps also further characteristics,
always with due public mentioning of the contributors of the
respective material.
Melbourne, February 1886.
DILLENIACE^.
Tetraceka Evekillii.
Scandent ; braiiclilets, leafstalks and flowerstalks densely beset with
long soft reversed and also with short hair ; leaves large, on rather
VOL. II.
P
26
Descriptive Notes on Pcqnmn Plants.
long stalks, broad-lanceolar, sliort-acuminateil, remotely serrulated and
more prominently so towards the summit, soft-hairy on both sides, but
only scantily above, hardly paler and somewhat shining beneath ; nerves
strong, 20-25 from each side of the midrib, pointedly terminating the
serratures ; panicle much elongated, distantly branched ; flowers some-
what cymosely crowded j sepals densely short-hairy outside ; petals
quite glabrous ; slits of anthers short, very divergent ; fruitlets rather
large, one-seeded, soft-hairy outside, terminated by the slender beak-like
style ; seed brown, much surpassed by the long-fringed pale arillus.
Leaves to 9 inches long and to 3^ inches broad in the only specimen
secured. General flowerstalk fully 2 feet long, the short portion of its
vestiture close and crisp. Fruitlets usually three, extending consider-
ably beyond the petals, measuring about ^ inch in length, the persistent
style nearly ^ inch long.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
On this conspicuous and well-marked species, the first of the genus
from the Papuan Island, I have bestowed the name of the eallant
o
leader of the Expedition, from which the discovery of this and other
new plants resulted.
Systematically this Tetracera should be placed near the Javanic T.
sericea and near T. Sumatrana.
ANONACEiE.
Eupomatia laurina.
R. Brown m Flinders’s voyage ii. 597, t. 2.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
POLYGALACEiE.
Polygala persicarifolia.
De Candolle, prodrom. i. 326.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
RUTACEAi.
Ecodia alata.
F. V. M. fragin. vii. 142.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers. From thence also
obtained a species of Xanthoxylon.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
27
EUPHORBIACE^..
Excjecaria Agallocha.
Linn4, syst. veg. edit, deoim. 1288.
Stricklancl-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
Macaranga tanaria.
J. Mueller in De Cand. prodr. xv. part ii. 997.
Fly-River ; C. Hartmann.
URTICEtE.
Celtis Piiilippinensxs.
Blanco, fl. de Filipinas, 197.
Islands of the Paptuan Gulf ; Rev. J. Macfarlane.
MELIACEA3.
Aglaia litoralis.
Miquel, Annal. Mus. hot. Lugd. iv. 65.
New Guinea ; Zippel.
Hearnia glaucescens.
Cas. de Candolle, monogr. phaner. i. 631.
New Guinea ; Zippel.
The geiins Aglaiopsis has become reduced to Hearnia.
BURSERACEA!:.
Canarium legitimuji.
Miquel, fl. Ind. Batav. i. pt. ii. 647.
New Guinea ; Zippel.
Canarium angustifolium.
Pimela angustifolia, Blume Mus. hot. Lugd. Bat. i. 226.
New Guinea ; Zippel.
ANACARDIACEAE.
Mangifera membranacea.
Blume, Mus. hot. Lugd. Batav. i. 795.
In New Guinea, according to Dr. Blume.
D 2
28
Descrij)tive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Ehus rufa.
Teysmann in Naturk. Tijdschr. xxvii. 52.
New Guinea, the precise locality not noted; Zippel.
Semecarpus Aruensis.
Engler in A. et C. de Cand. monogr. phanarog. iv. 484.
Aru-Island ; collected during the CAa/Zew^cr-Expedition.
SALSOLACEAl.
Salsola Kali.
Linn4, spec, plant. 222.
Islands in the Papuan Gulf ; Rev. J. Macfarlane.
amarantacea:.
PUPALIA ATROPURPUREA.
Moqnin in De Cand. prodr. xiii. pt. ii. 331.
Striekland-River ; W. Baeuerleii.
Flowers of the transmitted specimen remarkably small.
Deeringia altissima.
F. V. M. fragin. ii. 92.
Sahai-Island ; C. Flartmann.
LEGUMINOSiE.
ViGNA VEXILLATA.
Bentliam in Mart. fl. Brasil, Papil 193, t. 50.
Near the Strickland-River ; Dr. Bernays.
Desmodium biarticulatum.
F. V. M. fragm. phytogr. Anstr. ii. 131.
Islands in the Papuan Gulf ; Rev. J. Macfarlane.
Crotalaria incana.
Linn5, spec, plant. 716.
Islands in the Papuan Gulf ; Rev. J. Macfarlane.
MELASTOMACEiE.
Medixilla Matdeni.
F. V. M. in Wing’s South. Scienc. Record, Febr. 1886.
Near the Strickland-River ; Baeuerlen.
Descriptim Notes on Papuan Plants.
29
ROSACEiE.
Rubus rosifolius.
Smith, plant, icon. t. 60.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerleii. Sent also by the Rev.
James Chalmers from regions more eastward.
SALICARIACEiE.
LAGERSTRCEMIA FLOS REGINA.
Retzius, observ. botan. v. 25.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
PROTEACE^.
Grevillea gibbosa.
R. Brown in transact. Linn. Soc. x. 177.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
LORANTHACEiE.
ViSCUM ANGTJLATUM.
Heyne in De Cand. prodr. iv. 283.
Islands on the south-coast of New Guinea ; Rev. J. Macfarlane.
The genus Notothixos will probably also be found represented in the
Papuan Flora, as Mr. R. Parkinson discovered N. subaureus in a large-
leaved state with more elongated inflorescence lately in New Britain,
transit-forms occurring at Rockingham-Bay. Mr. Parkinson sent from
the same island also Muehlenbeckia platyclada, Phylacium bractoosum
and Perotis latifolia.
ARALIACEiE.
PaNAX MuRRAtl.
F. V, M. fragm. ii. 106.
South-Eastern New Guinea; Rev. James Chalmers.
The obtained specimen is in flower only, but so far agrees with the
Australian plant. Sir Joseph Hooker has illustrated the young state of
this species with broader leaflets in the Bot. Magazine, t. 6798.
RUBIACE^.
Morinda umbellata.
Linne, sp. pi. 176.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baetierlen.
An only specimen in fruit ; leaves unusually large.
30
Descriptice Notes on Papuan Plants.
Oldexlaxdia paxiculata.
Linne, spec, plant, edit. alt. 1667.
N ear the Stricklaiul-River ; W. Baeiieiieii.
CUCURBITACE^E.
CuCUMIS Chate.
Linne, syst. nat. edit, decim. 5.
Sabai-Islaud ; iStewart.
COMPOSITiE.
Eclipta alba.
Hasskarl, plant. Javan, rar. 528.
Near tlie Stricklaiid-River ; W. Baenerlon.
LOGANIACEiE.
Mitreola oldexlaxdioides.
AVallicli, nnmer. list. 4350.
Oil the Siricklaiid-River ; \\ . Baeiierleu.
CONVOLVULACEiE.
Ipomcea congesta.
R. Brown, prodr. 485.
On the Stricklaiid-River ; Baeuerleii.
Ipomoea peltata.
Choisy, Convolv. oriental. 70.
On the Strickland-River ; Baeuerlen.
APOCYNEAi.
Orciiipeda Papuaxa.
Branch lets angular ; leaves on short rather slender stalks, large,
ovate-lanceolar, somewhat paler beneath ; peduncles elongated, two-
branched, bearing the flowers in partly racemous cymes ; bracts ovate-
roundish, herbaceous, shorter than the stalklets ; calyces campauulate-
cylindrical, when flowering nearly three times as long as broad, lobes
short semiovate-orbicular ; tube of the corolla slender, as long as the
calyx ; lobes rhomboid-orbicular ; anthers inserted near the summit of
the corolla-tube ; disk annular, not lobed.
On tlie Ely-River ; D’Albertis.
Descriptice Notes on Papuan Pktnts. 31
The species differs from 0. fcetida and O. grandifolia in distinctly
petiolated leaves, as well as in smaller flowers ; from the former besides
in the lobes of the corolla not being much longer than broad ; from
O. grandifolia also in the narrower tube of the corolla and in the not
crenulated disk ; from 0. gracilipes, which has likewise stalked leaves,
our plant can be distinguished by its more numerous flowers on more
robust stalks, perhaps also in fruit-characteristics, those of O. gracilipes
being unknown ; from 0. Sumatrana the New Guinea plant is widely
distinct in the leaves not being remarkably pale beneath, in not
quaternate cymes, in calyces neither turgid nor angular at the base,
nor cleft beyond the middle, in the not half-exserted corolla-tube and
in the latter not bearing the anthers below the middle.
Signor D’ Albertis’ specimens are in flower only ; but seemingly of
the identical species a single specimen was brought from the Strickland-
Eiver with unripe fruit only ; the latter thus measures 1-^ inches in
height and 2 inches in breadth, and is remarkable for having the two
fruitlets connate towards the summit, each being almost dimidiate
globular in form, both closely cohering also along the inner angle
below the free middle half. The unripe seeds are obcordate-cuneate
and densely wrinkled.
Mr. Baeuerlen notes, that the tree is to 25 feet high.
SCROPHULARINiE.
Ltndeknia reptans.
F. V. M., Census of Austral, pi. 97 (implied), Bonnaya reptans, Sprengel syst.
veg. i. 41.
On the banks of the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
The plant is evidently perennial ; the corolla less than ^-iuch in
length. Two older names exist for this species, but neither is well
adapted. Dr. Urban maintains Ilysanthes as a genus, and unites with
it Bonnaya, both being coetaneous.
Linderxia veroxicifolia.
F. v. M. fragm. vi. 101.
On the Strickland-River; Baeuerlen.
32
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
ACANTHACE^.
Leptosiphonioi.
Calyx consisting of five narrow gradually long-pointed segments ;
tube of the corolla much elongated, very narrow and only at the
summit widened ; lobes five, orbicular-ovate, twisted in bud, the upper
and lower but slightly unequal ; stamens four, inserted near the summit
of the corolla-tube ; the filaments connate in pairs towards their base ;
anthers linear, uniform, fixed above the base, glabrous, not appendicu-
lated ; style very long, capillary ; stigma consisting of two small linear-
lanceolate recurved lobes, the lower somewhat longer than the other;
ovary narrow, containing many ovules ; hypogynous disk annular,
somewhat creiiulated ; capsule bicelled to the base, quadrangulato-
linear, not stijutate ; seed 12-14, flat, almost orbicular; the funicles
j)i'oduced into curved-subulate retinacles.
A somewhat shrubby plant, with opposite entire leaves and racemosc-
spicate large flowers, but few or one of them only fully developed.
Leptosipiioxium Steicklandi.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
Height of plant to four feet. Leaves short-stalked, ovate- or eloti-
gate-lanceolar, acuminated, attaining a length of seven and a breadth of
tvv^o inches, as well as the branchlots almost glabrous. Inflorescence
terminal. Bracts and bracteoles very small, from a dilated base narrow-
linear. Calyx divided to near the base, inch long. Corolla of
seemingly yellowish or perhaps whitish color, not spotted, slightly
downy outside ; tube almost straight or slightly curved, to 2^ inches
long, but only about ^ of an inch wide ; lobes nearly half an inch long
or not much longer. Stamens and style short-exserted. Filaments not
much different in length. Anthers pale, about ^ inch long. Ovary and
style glabrous. Capsule measuring a little over one inch in length,
dehiscent close to the base. Seeds not seen quite ripe.
This plant, one of the most beautiful discovered during Captain
Everill’s expedition, is dedicated to Sir Edward Strickland, K.C.B.,
who, as President of the Geographic Society of Australasia, devoted
Descriptim Notes on Papuan Plants.
33
much anxious care and circumspect zeal to originating, promoting and
sustaining this first enterprise of the Society.
This new acanthaceous plant, which we hope to see ere long in
ornamental culture, cannot well be placed into any of the several genera,
to which it is allied, without invalidating their respective characteristics.
From Eranthemum, whose general aspect it shares, it differs already in
the corolla-lobes twisted before expansion, in the double number of
stamens as well as in the not stipitated capsule and in the augmented
number of ovules and seeds. From Stenosiphonium our new genus is
readily distinguished by the corolla being neither dilated nor bent above
the middle, and by the four anthers being conformous ; nevertheless the
discovery of middle form may perhaps yet connect it sectionally with
that genus.
IIvGROrHILA ANGUSTIPOLIA.
R. Brown, prodr. 479.
On the Strickland-River ; Baeuerlen.
JUSTICIA PROCGMBENS.
Linn^, sp. pi. 15.
South-Eastern New Guinea; Rev. J. Chalmers. The var. peploides.
JUSTICIA GLABRA.
J. Koenig in Roxb. hort. Bengli. 4.
Near Astrolabe-Range ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
The lower cell of each anther only very slightly mucronate at the
base.
Lepidagathis hyalina.
Nees in Wall. pi. Asiat. rar. iii. 95.
Cloudy Mountains; Capt. Bridge. Lorne-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
Strickland-River ; W'. Baeuerlen.
Graptophyllum hortense.
Nees in Wallicli, pi. Asiat. rar. iii. 102.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
Stem trailing and paidly rooting.
34
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Kungia pakviflora.
lifees in Wall. pi. Asiat. rar. iii. 110.
.South-Eastern New Guinea ; Eev. G. W. Lawes. The var. pectiuata.
.Stricklaiid-River, Baeuerleii ; Lorne-Range, Capt. Bridge.
EPACRID^.
.Stypiielia abnormis.
Leucopogon abnonnis, Sender in Lehin. pi. Preiss. i. 325 ; L. acuminatus,
Brongniart Atlas hot. de la voy. de Coqnille, t. 53.
Waighiou ; D’Urville and Lesson.
LILIACEiE.
Geitonoplesium cvmosuji.
Cunningham in Bot. Mag. t. 3131.
.South-Eastern New Guinea; Rev. J. Chalmers.
CYPERACEiE.
Cyperus umbellatus.
Bentham, flor. Hongk. 386.
Proclamation-Creek; Capt. Bridge, R.N.
As the specific name within the genus has already been employed by
Burmann, Vahl and Roxburgh, it may be advisable to change (hat of
the present j^lant to C. Rheedei.
Cy’perus penxatus.
Lamarck, illustr. des genr. i. 144.
Dixon’s Bay, Bessel’s Island, Louisiade-Group ; Capt. Bridge, R.N.
IIypelytrum latifolium.
L. C. Richard in Pers. synops. plant, i. 70.
Strickland-River, Baeuerlen.
An excellent figure in Bot. Magaz. 6282.
Lipocarpiia microcepiiala.
R. Brown in Tnckey’s Congo, 549.
South-Eastern New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Restio pilisepalus,
mentioned at p. 18 from Steudel’s synopsis ii. 256, is according to
Dr. M. T. Masters a cyperaceous plant. See A. et C. de Cand. monogr.
phan. i. 301.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
35
Fimbristylis miliacea.
Vahl, enumer. plant, ii. 287.
Fly-River, at Tsimiauta ; W. Baenerlen.
SCIRPUS DIPSACEUS.
Rottboell, descr. et icon. nov. jilant. 56, t. 12, f. 1.
On the Fly-River ; Baeuerleii.
Not yet recorded from the Siinda-Islands.
GRAMINEiE.
Panicdm Cres-Galli.
Linnd, spec, plant. 56.
On the Strickland-River ; Baenerlen.
The awnless variety.
Raspalum scrobiculatum.
Linne, mantissa 29.
On the Strickland-River ; Baenerlen.
LYCOPODIACE^.
PSILOTUM COMPLANATUM.
Swartz in Schrad. journ. ii. 109.
On the Fly-River ; Ch. Hartmann.
FILICES.
Lygodium scandens.
Swartz, syn. filic. 152.
Strickland-River ; Baenerlen (Capt. Everilks Expedition).
ScmZiEA DIGITATA.
iSwartz, syn. filic. 150.
Strickland-River ; Baenerlen.
Gleiciienia flagellaris.
Sprengel, syst. veg. iv. 25.
Strickland-River ; Baenerlen.
The plant accords with Zollinger’s nnmhered 772 from Java ; the
frond-segments are green nnderneath, representing a form, kept separate
by Mettenins as G. Imvigata, Hooker.
36
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Davallia Emeksonii.
Hooker et Greville, icon, fllic., t. 105.
Aroa-River ; Armit (^r^2/s-Expedition).
Davallia parvula.
Wallich, numerical list 247.
Si)urs of Owen Stanley’s Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Near Astro-
labe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
Davallia pectinata.
Smith in Act. Taur. v. 414.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
These three and the following three ferns were identified by Professor
Liierssen, who is at present engaged on a connected critical re-examina-
tion of all known Polynesian ferns. He combines with D. pectinata
the D. Gaimardiana of Gandichaud.
Davallia divaricata.
Blume, enum. fllic. Javan. 237.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
LiNDSAYA PINNATA.
Mettenius in Miq. Mus. botan. Lugclun. iv. 279.
Aroa-River; Armit (Hr^ws-Expedition).
Pteris ensiformis.
N. Burmann, flor. Indie. 230.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
Pteris Indica.
Lamarck, encycl. mdth. v. 112.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
Pteris quadriaurita.
Retzius, observ. vi, 38.
Towards the Astrolalie-Range ; Edelfeldt
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
37
Ptekis aquilina.
Linn^, spec, plant. 1075.
Near Port Moresby; Edelfeldt.
Pteris siliculosa.
Desvaux, M4m. de la Soc. Linn. Paris vi. 293.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Goldie.
Monogramma Jungiiuiinii.
Hooker, spec, filic. v. 123, t. 289.
Stricklaiid-River ; Baeuerlen.
A short-fronded form, wbich seems to demonstrate, that M. subfalcata
must be regarded as a variety of this species.
Asi’LENlUM PrESLEI.
F. V. M. Scolopendrium longifolium, Presl. in reliq. Hienk i. 48.
ToAvards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
Asplenium cuneatum.
Lamarck, encycl. m6th. ii. 309.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
Asplenium longissimum,
Blume, enum. filic. Javan. 178.
Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
A small-fronded form with blunt segments ; these auriculated only
upwards.
Mr. Edelfeldt’s plants were all kindly communicated by Th. Gulliver,
Esq., F.L.S.
Aspidium tuberosum.
Bory in Willd. sp. plant, t. 234.
Aroa; Armit (.dr^ws-Expedition).
Polypodium avenium.
Mettenius, Polypod. 220, t. iii.
Towards the Astrolabe-Range ; Edelfeldt.
This and the four preceding identified by Dr. Luerssen.
38
Dpscriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Antroi’iiyum plantagineum.
Kaulfuss, ennm. tilic. 197.
On the Stnckland-Eiver; BaouerJen. Also on the south-eastern
coast of New Guinea ; Arniit.
Some of the fronds nearly three inches broad.
JUNGERMANNIACEAC.
Plagiochila semialata Lacoste, P. Lawesii Gottsche, Chiloscyphiis
argntus Nees, Trichocolea tomentella Nees, Lophocolea reflexistipulea
Stepham. These five from the Missionaries-collection named by Mr.
F. Stephani.
FUNGI.
Lentmus tener Kl., L. pergamenus Lev., Schizophyllum commune
Fr., Lenzites deplanata Fr., L. corrugata KL, Polyporus xanthopus Fr.,
1 . affims Nees, P. nephridius, P. portentosus, P. ruhidus, P. elongatus,
P. cahgiuosus, P. scalaris, P. ferrous, P. rasipes, P. isidioides, P. de-
missus, P. vinosus, P. squamiformis, P. holosclerus Berk., P. peetinatus
KL, P. hirsutus Fr., P. microcyclus Lev., P. elegans, P. scruposus Fr.,
P. mgro-laccatus, P. pyrrhocreas Cooke, P. zonalis Koenig, P. Auberi-
amis Mont., Trametes Mnelleri, T. lactinea, T. Sprucei, Dmdalea
inconcinna, Ilexagona tenuis Berk., Favolus Brasiliensis, F. multiplex
Lev., Laschia tremellosa Fr., Irpex flavus KL, Cladoderris dendritica
I r., Thelephora lamellata Berk., Stereum iuvolutum KL, S. elegans, S.
cyathiforme, S. bicolor Fr., S. Thozetii Berk., Hirneola polytricha Fr.’
Xylaria iiivoluta Kl.
All these gathered by Mr. W. Armit during the Mr£r?/s-Expedition •
the identifications by Dr. M. C. Cooke, the mycologic specialist.
Since the issue of the sixth number of this publication. Dr. Beccari's
“ Malesia ” part vii. has appeared, which is almost entirely devoted to
the genus Ilyduophytum, with numerous superb illustrations from the
author s own hands ; several of the species now elucidated came from
New Guinea.
DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON PAPUAN
PLANTS,
BY
Uim FEED. VON IDELEEE, K.C.I.O., I. & PI.D., F.E.S.
VIII,
The present part of this publication enumerates miscellaneous
plants, obtained from various contributors, and will be early
followed up by further elucidations of material already accii-
mulated. This will help to gain gradually a fuller insight
into the constituents of the Papuan Flora, so that the Australian
element in it may be accurately determined, the differences be
shown between the vegetation of the northern and southern
slopes of the ranges, and further the peculiarities of the
temperate and cool zones of vegetation be extensively set forth,
irrespective of comparisons with the Floras of other countries
also in this respect. On these subjects already some observations
were offered in the last annual address, delivered at the Victorian
branch of the Geograjdiic Society of Australasia. In the con-
tinuation of these researches, the utilitarian considerations will
likewise receive due attention ; thus some of the leading timber-
trees will become systematically named, while likely new sources
for Damar, Oambier, Caoutchouc, Gutta Perch a. Ebony, Santal-
wood be pointed out, irrespective of what is known already of
the Podocarpus-Pines, Cedar-timber, Teak, Cocos- and Pandanus-
VOL. II. ,,
40
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
fibre, native Sugar-cane, Massoy-bark, Sago, Bananas, Ginger and
other indigenous vegetable products of the great island, available
for utilitarian purposes directly there.
Melbourne, March 1886.
EANUNCULACEiE.
Clematis glycinoides.
De Candolle, syst. veg. i. 145.
Towards Astrolabe-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Also obtained by
Mr. Edelfelt.
A Clematis with much dissected leaves was sent from Lorne-Range ;
but the specimens are not sufficient for naming. In the higher regions
of New Guinea will doubtless yet be found many congeneric and also
some other co-ordinal plants.
DILLENIACEAi:.
WORMIA MaCDONALDI.
F. V. M. in Victorian Naturalist ii. 134.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerleu (Expedition of theGeogi-aphic
Society of Australasia).
LAURINEiE.
Hernandia reltata.
Meissner in Cand. prodr. xv. 263.
On the Strickland-River ; Baeuerleu.
This is the plant previously mentioned on the authority of the Dutch
Botanists as II. Sonora ; but it is specifically distinct from the genuine
American species of that name.
Descrii[)tive Notes on Papuan Plants.
41
CAPPARIDEiE.
Capparis nobilis.
F. V. M. in Benth. flor. Austr. i. 95.
South-eastern Noav G-ninea ; Rev. James Chalmers.
C. .suhacnta from Java is closely allied to this plant, if not identical
with it.
POLYGALACE^.
Secueidaca bracteata.
A. Bennett in J. Hook. fl. of Brit. India i. 208.
Var. Papuana ; flowers smaller, inner sepals glabrous.
South-eastern New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
The plant conforms with the characteristics, set forth in the original
description, except in the notes above given ; hut it may perhaps differ
essentially as regards fruit ; in that case, the name of the variety
would become that of a distinct species. The leaves resemble in form
those of S. pubescens. The Papuan plant is distinguishable already
from S. Tavoyana (as seen in Major Jenkins’s collection from Assam)
by its smaller gradually pointed leaves, by the shorter pedicels, persistent
bracts and more silky outer sepals.
TILIACE^.
COECHORDS TRIDENS,
Lmn^, Mantissa altera 566.
Islands on the south-east coast of New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
C. acutangulus was sent by Mr. R. Parkinson from New Britain.
Geewia orientalis.
Linn^, spec, pi. 964.
Near Port Moresby.
A rather broad-leaved form.
MALVACEAE.
Hibiscus radiates.
Cavanilles, dissert. 150, t. 54.
Islands on the south coast of New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
In the collectiou, brought by Capt. Everill’s expedition, also fruit-
specimens of llibscus D’Albertisii are contained ; the capsule is about
e 2
42 Descj'iptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
as long as the calyx, almost conical-orate ; the valves are gradually
pointed ; the five cells subdivided by inflection of the valves ; seeds
several in each cell, woolly-tomentose. Mr. Baeuerlen noted, that this
Hibiscus attains a height of 40 feet.
The Sida, mentioned at p. 59 of the first part of this work as
occurring in the Gilbert-, Union- and Ellice-group, is S. fallax.
EUTACE^.
Lunasia amara.
M. Blanco, flora de Pilipinas 783.
On Lorne-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers. On Astrolahe-Rangc ; Edelfelt.
At first sight this might be taken for an urticaceous plant, if only
seen in flower. The specimens obtained from New Guinea are all
staminiferous only. Lobed and lobeless leaves occur sometimes on the
same branch. The Papuan plant seems not distinct from that of the
Philippine-Islands ; the latter has received likely additional elucidation
from Don Sebastian Vidal y Soler in his notes on Cuming’s plants
recently issued iu Manila, and referred to by Mr. J. Britten in his
journal of Botany xxiv. 57. Perhaps the genus will prove to be
monotypic, as Miqirel (Annal. mus. bot. Lugd. Bat. iii. 89) already
expresed some doubts about the distinctness of the Sundaic species.
The likely identity of Lunasia with Rabelaisia was as early as 1845
indicated by Planchon. L. amara is doubtless of medicinal value.
EUPHORBIACE^.
Hemicyclia Australasica.
J. Mueller in De Cancl. proclr. xv. pt. ii. 487.
Fisherman’s Island ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
ANACARDIACE^.
Euroschinus falcatus.
J . Hooker in B. & H. gen. plant, i. 422.
Towards Port Moresby on shady watercourses ; Edelfelt.
The specimens are only iu bud, but accord so far well with that form
of this variable species, which produces more numerous narrower and
almost glabrous leaflets.
Descriptive Notes 07 i Papuan Plants.
43
CARYOPHYLLE^.
PoLYCARPjEA spirostylis.
F. V. M. plants of Babbage’s Expodit. 8.
Islands at the Papuan Gulf ; C. Hartmann.
FICOIDEiE.
Mollugo stricta.
Linii(5, spec, plant, edit. alt. 131.
Islands on the south-coast of New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
AMARANTACEiE.
Deeringia Indica.
Zollinger in De Cand. prodr. xiii. pt. ii. 236.
Towards Port Moresby ; Edelfelt (communicated by Th. Gulliver
Esq.).
Shrubby j reminds of Phytolacca.
LEGUMINOSA?:.
Indigofera parviflora.
Heyne in Wall, numeric, list, 3457.
Fisherman’s Island ; Rev. James Chalmers.
Kennedya retusa.
F. V. M. fragm. phytogr. Austr. v. 106.
On the Fly-River ; D’Albertis. Also found during Capt. Everill’s
Expedition.
Leaflets to o inches long. Seeds black, not shining, inch long.
Canavalia ensiformis.
De Candolle, prodr. ii. 404.
Saibai-Islaiid ; C. Hartmann.
PONGAMIA GLABRA.
Ventenat, jard. de Malmais. t. 28.
Islands on the south-coast of New Guinea ; C. Hartmann.
P. volubilis, mentioned by Scheffer, is identical with Derris clliptica,
Bciith. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. suppl. Ill ; while D. Timorousis does
not differ from D. scaudens, as observed by J. G. Baker.
44
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Cynometba minutiflora.
F. V. M. (inediteci).
Soulh-easteni part of New Guinea ; Rev, J. Chalmers.
A description of this species and of Pterocarpiis Papuauns will appear
in the April number of the Australian Journal of Pharmacy.
RIIlZOPHOREiE.
Bruguieka Rheedei.
Blume, emimer. pi. Javan. 92.
Coast of South-eastern New Guinea ; Rev. W. G. Lawes.
ARISTOLOCHIACEiE.
Aristolociiia Indica.
Linn4, spec, plant. 960.
At the Papuan Gulf ; Rev. S. Macfarlaue.
Leaves to 7 inches long.
RUBIACEiE.
Uncaria Bernaysii.
F. V. M. in Austral. Journ. of Pharmacy, Febr. 1886.
On the Strickland-River ; Dr. Beruays and W. Baeuerleu (Expedition
of the Geographic Society of Australasia).
Nauclea Ciialmersii.
Branchlets short-downy, soon glabrescent ; leaves almost lanccolar,
somewhat acuminate, nearly sessile, shining above, paler beneath,
glabrescent ; flower-heads solitary, the peduncle somewhat longer ; lobes
of the calyx elongated in setaceous-linear imperfectly silky thinly
stipitate appendages, the remaining portion finally semilanceolar,
prominently one-uerved and somewhat pointed ; tube obverse prismatic-
conical ; corolla glabrous, its lobes deltoid-semilanceolar, corniculatcd,
several times shorter than the slender upwards gradually widened tube ;
filaments very short, curved ; anthers almost hastate-oblong, nearly
enclosed ; style filiform, glabrous, half-cxsertcd ; stigma globular-ovate ;
fruits small, seceding up to the calyx-lobes into four valves ; seeds
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants. 45
glandular-rough, much attenuated and somewhat fringed at each
extremity.
Lorne-Range ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Rona-falls ; Edelfelt.
Leaves chartaceous, crowded in pairs towards the summit of the
branchlets, mostly 3-5 inches long, |-lj inch broad. Stipules almost
oblong, about f inch long, quickly deciduous. Expanded flowerheads
(not counting the emerging styles) measuring rather more than one inch.
Receptacle glabrous. Appendages of calyx-lobes about ^ inch long,
not dilated at the end. Corolla glabrous, about | inch long. Style
glabrous. Valves of the capsule hardly \ inch long. Seeds pale-brown,
the extremities almost hyaline.
This species might systematically be placed near N. Moluccana ; it
does not accord with the description of any congener hitherto recorded.
Wendlandia buddleacea.
Branchlets as well as peduncles and petioles brown-toinentosc ;
stipules broad, often deltoid-bilobed, persistent ; leaves opposite,
chartaceous, ovate-laneeolar, short-acuminate, suddenly or gradually
irassing into a rather short stalk, shining and nearly glabrous above,
paler green beneath and there along the midrib as welt as the cost-like
lateral rather distant nerves subtle-haiiy ; panicle ample, spreading,
terminal, bearing numerous fascicles and short spikes of flowers along
its branches ; calyx sulrtle-hairy, its five lobes deltoid-semilanceolar ;
tube of the corolla about thrice as long as its five roundish-ovate lobes,
bearded inside ; stamens five ; filaments very short ; anthers exsertod,
not distinctly bearded ; stigmas three times shorter than the style ;
limb of the young fruiting calyx nearly as long as the turgid tube.
On the Cloudy Mountains ; Rev. James Chalmers. On the AstroJabe-
Rangc ; Will. Armit (Jr^?<s-Expeditiou).
Branchlets robust. Leaves, so far as seen, attaining a length of
8 inches and a breadth of 3^ inches ; veins prominent undernealh.
Branches of the panicle much spreading, the lower very elongated.
Bracts narrow, acute, short-hairy. Flowers hardly ^ itch long.
Bracteoles often shorter than the calyx. Expanded anthers nearly
clhpsoid. Ripe fruit not obtained.
46
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
This plant bears a singular rcscmljlanco to some Buddloas. Among
several allied congeners the Papuan species approaches nearest to
W. tinctoria j but the brauchlets are thicker and not distinctly angular,
the loaves larger, the stijDules of much greater size also of more
foliaceous texture and slit, the flower-clusters frecpieutly alternate and
the tube of the corolla rather less slender ; fruits with ripe seeds need
yet to be compared.
The bark of this new Wendlandia can probably likewise be utilized
for dye-purposes.
COMPOSITE.
SrH^ERANTIIUS MICROCErilALUS.
Willdenow, spec, plant, iii. 2395.
Saibai-Island ; Stewart.
ERICACEiE.
Agaretes Moorhousiana.
F. V. M. in Whig’s Southern Science Record, new ser. vol. ii. Febr. 1886.
South-eastern New Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
ASCLEPIADEiE.
Gymnantiiera nitida.
R. Brown, jirodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 464.
South-eastern Now Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
VERBENACE^.
Gmelina macropuylla.
Bentliam, flor. Austral, v. 65.
Saibai-Island ; C. Stewart. Fly-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
The length of the petioles is variable, so the width of the leaves,
particularly at their base, and also the degree of paleness underneath.
Earauaya Albertisii.
Climbing ; leaves all opposite, lanceolar-ovate, conspicuously acumi-
nate, of thick-chartaceous texture, not shining, their ascending lateral
nerves very prominent underneath, the veins also particularly con-
Descrijitive Notes on Papuan Plants.
47
S|)icuous ; some scattered orbicular flat glands on the lower leaf-page,
especially near the base ; panicles axillary, shorter than the leaves ;
primary and secondary peduncles abbreviated ; pedicels very short ;
calyx rather long, Avhile in bud hornlike-pointed, soon slit unilaterally,
finally cleft into two semilanceolar thinly acuminated lobes ; tube of
the corolla much longer than the calyx ; stamens inserted near the
middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments short-hairy except towards the
summit ; anthers ellipsoid, bilobed downward ; style glabrous ; ovary
globular, four-furrowed, thinly grey-velvety.
On the Fly-Eiver ; D’Albertis.
This species is closely akin to F. splendida ; the petioles are however
thicker, the leaves of a firmer texture with stronger nervation and
vonetation and also with a longer and more pointed terminal protraction,
and they arc not shining ; the stalks and stalklets of the floAvors arc
much shorter, by Avhich means the inflorescence becomes very con-
tracted ; the bud of the calyx is longer and acutely pointed ; perhaps
the fresh flowers and ripe fruits may exhibit other marks of discrimiiia-
tiou. A comparison should still be instituted with F. Papuana from
Andaj, described by the lamented Dr. Scheffer at p. 42 in the Annales
du jardin botanique de Buitenzorg, volume premier ; but therein the
narroAv acumination of the leaves is not alluded to, while according to
Dr. Scheffer’s description the petioles of his plant are longer, the
flowers larger, and the stamens inserted loAver on the corolla-tube. He
records simultaneously the interesting observation, that sometimes all
four of the large distinct fruitlets become developed.
Faradaya ternifolia.
Scandent ; leaves tcrnatcly verticillate, short-stalked, oblong-lanceo-
late, short-acuminate, of thin chartaceous texture, shining on both sides,
their ascending lateral nerves rather prominent underneath and also the
veins conspicuous, orbicular glands beneath very scanty or absent ;
panicle shorter than the leaves ; primary and secondary peduncles
abbreviated ; pedicels very short ; calyx rather small, while in bud
pyriform-ovate, rounded-blunt and only minutely apiculatcd, by longi-
tudinal rupture soon imperfectly bivalvular ; corolla outside subtle-
48
Descriptive Notes on Papuan PlaMs.
downy ; stamens inserted near the base of the corolla-tuho ; filaments
densely bearded at the base ; anthers ovate, bilobed downward ; style
glabrous ; ovary depressed-globular, four-furrowed, thinly velvety.
In southern Ncav Guinea, collected during the Expedition of the
Australian Geographic Society.
This species is easily distinguished from F. splendida and F. Albertisii
already by the shape of the leaves, not broader in the lower portion
than in the upper, also by the very blunt and short calyx. Some
allowance must be made for the imperfectuess of the definition, above
sketched out, as only specimens in bud are as yet available for
examination here. The ternate position of the leaves may not prove a
constant characteristic. The form of the leaves bring our plant
nearest to F. Vitiensis, but they are longer in proportion to breadth,
also blunt at the base ; the crowded position of the flowers and the size
and shape of the calyces are similar ; the full differences must be
traced out at some future time.
If F. amicorum and F. ovalifolia really belong to Clerodendron, then
F. Powellii (Seem, journ. of Bot. 1868, p. 342) shoirld bo added to the
same group of species within the genus. Mr. John Horne (A Year in
Fiji, p. 275) indicates three species of Faradaya for the Fiji-Islands.
ASPERIFOLI^.
HeLIOTROPIUM OVALIFOLIUM.
Porskael, Flor. A)gypt. Arab. 47.
Islands of the Papuan Gulf ; Rev. S. Macfarlane.
MYRSINEiE.
Akuisia solanacea.
Roxburgh, plants of the coast of Coromandel 27, t. 27 ( 1 795).
Vur. luiplosciadca ; leaves of tender texture; peduncles iliin, all
lateral, bearing 4-5 almost umbellate flowers on slender rather long
2)cdicels.
On the Stricklaiid-Rivcr ; W. Baouerlcn (Exped. of the gcogr. Soc,
of Australasia).
I have not ventured to separate this plant from the more robust
T)escriptive Notes on Papuan Plants. 49
genuine A. solauacoa, especially as no fruits are available for com-
parison. But Eoxburgli’s plant seems cpiitc distinct from what
Thwaitcs regards as the true A. liumilis, the leaves not being chiefly at
or towards the summit of the branchlcts and having less cojrious and
less prominent veins, while the flowers are mostly terminal, nearly all
paniculate and borne on shorter stalks and stalklets ; further (as well
pointed out by Thwaitcs) the fruits are black not bright-red. Should
the Papuan plant prove distinct, then the name of the variety would
become specific.
The genus Pimelandra can only bo regarded as a section of Ardisia ;
but the East- Australian A. Pseudo- Jambosa should bo transferred
to Labisia, notwithstanding considerable difference in habit and
inflorescence ; it would however form a peculiar section in that genus.
CONVOLVULACE^.
Ipomcea Turpethum.
R. Brown, prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 485.
Saibai-Island ; Rev. James Macfarlane.
The narrow-leaved form, brought by Dr. Scemauu from Fiji, was
found by the Rev. W. G-. Lawes also near Port Moresby.
SOLANACEiE.
SOLANUM VIKIDE.
R. Brown, procir. fl. Nov. Holl. 445.
South-eastern Now Guinea ; Rev. J. Chalmers. Sent also from New
Britain by Mr. R. Parkinson. The leaves are sometimes nearly a foot
long.
SCROPHULAEINiE.
CenTKANTHERA IIISPIDA.
Strickland-River, W. Baouerlon.
OECIIIDEiE.
OUEROXIA IIEXAPTERA.
Glabrous, comparatively tall ; stem much elongated ; leaves many,
of very considerable length, broadly linear, slightly falcate ; raceme
'50 DescripfAve Notes on Papuan Plants.
spikc-like, ou a very short stalk, much elongated ; rachis prominently
angular ; flowers exceedingly numerous, crowded but individually
scattered ; bracts ovate-lanceolar, somewhat acuminate ; stalklets
spreading, not quite half as long as the fruit, also considerably shorter
than the hracts ; capsules oblique-ellipsoid, longitudinally traversed by
six narrow membranes.
Ou the stems of trees at the Laloki-Eiver ; W. Armit {Argus-
Expedition).
The specimen obtained about foot high. Leaves distichous, the
upper attaining a length of 7 inches and a breadth of about J inch, the
others downward gradually decreasing in size. Raceme terminal,
ahont 6 inches long, solitary. Flowers withered on our only specimen.
Fruit seen merely in a semimature state, then about | inch long.
This species has its upper leaves nearly as long as those of O. acaulis,
though they probably never gain the same breadth ; in drying they
become membranous ; the spike or raceme is also as long as in that
congener, but the stature is widely different ; the rachis is lined with
very narrow yet conspicuous membranes, and so the tube of the calyx,
while the flowers stand in a less close approach to each other. Our
plant might be placed near O. miniata, from which the more numerous
leaves and glabrous stalklets already distinguish it. As regards the
membranously lined fruit O. hoxaptera has some counterpart in O.
microphylla, of which Blume distinctly says, that it has triquetrous
capsules.
SCITAMINEiE.
Musa Maclayi.
F. V. M. in proceed, of the Linn. Soc. of New South Wales x. 355.
Eastern Now Guinea ; N. de Miklouho-Maclay.
A second Papuan native Musa is alluded to on the same occasion.
COMMELYNEiE.
Floriscopa scandens.
Loureiro, flor. Cochinohm. i. 193.
J.,aloki-River ; W. Armit (Mrg'j^s-Expeditiou).
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
51
AROIDE^.
Acorus Calamus.
Linn(5, spec, plant. 324.
The variety terrestris of Rumphius.
South-Cape ; Rev. J. Chalmers.
FLUVIALES.
Aponogeton crispus.
Thimberg, nov. gener. iv. 72.
Laloki-River, on rocks under water ; W. Armit (^rj/Ms-Expedition).
CYPERACEiE.
Mapania iivpelytroides.
F. V. M. in Benth. flor. Aiistr. vii. .341.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis. Strickland-River ; Baeuerleii.
Ripe fruit still unknown.
Mr. Baeuerleii observed this rush to attain a height of 12 feet, and
says that it is nicely scented when fresh.
Scleria oryzoides.
Presl. reliq. Haenk. iii. 201.
Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
GRAMINE^.
Anthistiria gigantea.
Cavanilles, icon. v. t. 458.
vSouth-eastern New Guinea ; W. Armit (^r^ws-Expeditiou).
Prof. Ilackel, the special investigator of grasses, proves Perobachne
seciinda to be exactly identical with this plant.
Leptaspis urceolata.
R. Brown in Horsf. plant Javan, rariqr, 23 t. 6.
Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerleii.
L. Manillensis, according to the slvort diagnosis given liy Stoiidel
(Glumac. ii. 8), must be closely allied to L. urceolata.
52
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
FILICES.
Davallia tarallela.
Wallich, numorio list 251.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerleii.
The lower pinnse sometimes ascendant.
Davaelia COJS'TIGUA.
Swartz, syiiops. fil. 130.
Stricldand-Eiver ; W. Baeuerlen (Expedition of the Austral, geogr.
Society).
Sometimes fruiting already at the height of 4 or 5 inches ; not rarely
one series of sori only to a segment.
Asplenium Belangeri.
Kunze in Botan. Zeituug vi. 176.
On the Strickland-Eiver with A. silvaticiim ; Baeuerlen.
Some of the specimens have the pinnas more elongated than in the
illustration xli. of Hooker’s exotic ferns, in some instances the pinna;
being narrowly protracted at their summit.
Polypodium verrucosum.
Wallich, numerio list 296.
Strickland-Eiver ; Baeuerlen,
This fern attains there a length of fully 6 feet, though growing on
trees ; the pinnag are sometimes still larger than those represented in
Sir- Will. Hooker’s “Garden-Ferns,” pi. 41, and are often thinly char-
taceous. The identical species occurs in various places of North-
eastern Queensland, from whence Mr. Kefford records it 12 feet high !
LICHENES.
Leptogonium tremelloides. Fries ; Cladonia fimbriata, Schaerer ;
Ricasolia Scha;reri, Nylander ; Sticta Karsteni, J, Mueller ; Sticta
sulphurea, Schaerer and Stictina quercicans, Nylander, are recorded for
New Guinea by Dr. J. Mueller, the leading Lichenologist of the
present time, from material jilaccd at his disposal by the writer.
DESCEIPTIYE I^OTES ON PAPUAN
PLANTS,
BY
BARON FEED. VON MUELLER, K.C.M.G, M. & PH.D., E.R.S.
IX.
After a long interval another part of this publication is offered,
the author’s attention having for the last few years been much
absorbed in other literary engagements, mostly unforeseen and
officially urgent. Meanwhile Beccari’s celebrated “ Malesia,”
which is largely devoted to Papuan plants, has advanced to
the end of the third volume. Also a valuable enumeration
appeared in Britten’s Journal of Botany, vol. xxiv., by Mr. H.
N. Ridley, comprising the Monocotyledoneaa of Mr. H. 0. Forbes’
Papuan collections. Furthermore an important treatise was
issued at the close of 1889 by Dr. K. Schumann and Dr. M.
Hollrung on the “Flora of Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land,” while
simultaneously the Royal Society of Victoria in a special essay
has published the observations on the highland-plants, dis-
covered by His Excellency Sir William Macgregor during his
memorable ascent of the Owen Stanley’s Ranges. As these
four publications, irrespective of some connected w'ritings on
Acotyledonem, are extensive as well as special and compact, it
will not he necessary, to transfer any details from them to the
pages of this work ; but scattered minor data, obtainable from
various sources, since the Eighth part was issued, have been
brought together in the Ninth now for convenience of reference.
VOL. II.
F
54
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
It is intended, to devote the Tenth Part chiefly to descriptions
of plants, gathered by Mr. Forbes and by Mr. Baeuerlen under
the auspices or aid of the Royal Geographic Society of Australia,
and further it is hoped, that thus the second volume of this
work will be finished in the course of the present year.
Melbourne, May 1890.
NYMPHJEACEiE.
Nelumbo nucipera.
Gaertner, de fructib. i. 73.
On the Fly-River; Sir William Macgregor.
Jan. 2nd 1890, extending from 7 miles above Everill-Junction
for a distance of 30 miles upwards.
To this plant is specially referred in the despatch of His Excellency
from Kiwai, dated 4th Febr. 1890, p. 3. Leaves were found to a
diameter of fully two feet, flowers to a diameter of 10 inches, with
400-500 stamens. Hundreds of plants may there occur in a single
lagoon.
Unrecorded among Australian localities for this plant remained
the Gilbert’s River. Found a few years ago by Ur. Hollrung also
on the Empress-Augusta’s River.
anonacea:.
Himantandea Belgraveana.
F. v. M. in Austral. Journ. of Pharm. Jan. 1887.
Near the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ; H. O. Forbes.
DROSERACEAl.
Droseea petiolaeis.
R. Brown in De Candolle prodr. i. 318.
Mai-Kussa; Sir William Macgregor.
65
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
The specimens obtained had not yet developed flowers ; hut as
the foliage is so characteristic and as the species exist on the opposite
Australian coast, no doubt need be entertained about the identity of
the Papuan plant.
POLYGALA CE^.
Salomonia oblongifolia.
De Candolle, prodr. i. 354.
Hynes-River; Sir Will. Macgregor.
POLTGALA ChINENSIS.
Linne, Spec. Plant 704.
Hynes-River ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
TERNSTROEMIACE.^.
Teematantheka Dufaueii.
P. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist Oct. 1886.
Jala-River; Armit. Base of Owen-Stanley’s Ranges; H. 0. Forbes.
STERCULIACE^.
Pteeygota Foebbsii.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist iii. 46.
Near the southern base of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ; H. O.
Forbes.
In the same volume p. 63 the presence of a congener in Brazil is
indicated, for which the specific name basiloxylon would be prefer-
able to that of rex, as derived from the vernacular “Pao del Rey.”
Steecelia Edelpeltii.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist iii. 47.
Near the Astrolabe-Range ; E. G. Edelfelt. Allied to S. rufa.
Steeculia oncinocaepa.
F. V. M. and H. O. Forbes in the Viet. Naturalist iii. 49.
Mountains close to the south of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ;
H. O. Forbes.
F 2
56
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Brachtchiton Carrtjthersi.
F. V. M. in Viet. Naturalist iii. 60.
Mountains close to the south of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ;
H. 0. Forbes.
TILIACEiE.
Triumfetta rhomboidea.
N. Jacquin, Select. Stirp. Americ. Hist. 147, t. 90, var. angulata.
Aroa-River; Arrnit.
Mentioned as Papuan already in the Proc. L. S. of N.S.W., sec.
ser. ii. 422.
Triumfetta pilosa.
Both, Nov. Plant. Spec. 223.
Southern base of Owen-Stanley’s Ranges and South-Cape; Rev.
James Chalmers. Collected also in Mioko by Betche.
El.eocarpus Sayeri.
F. V. M. in the Transact, of the R. S. of Viet. 1887, p. 6-7.
At elevations of about 7,000 feet near Mt. Obree ; Sayer.
A reference is made in the above print also to E. Reedyi.
MELIACE^.
Cedrela Toona.
Roxburgh, Plants of Coromandel iii. 33, t. 238.
Fly-River; Sir William Maegregor.
The material is not sufficient for exactly determining the species,
but seems to indicate identity of this Papuan with the “ Singapore
Red Cedar,” with which the C. australis appears not to be absolutely
identical, particularly in its far cxtra-tropic state, that congener
approaching in its affinity closely C. microcarpa. The diagnostic of
some of the Cedrelas needs yet more extended disquisition. Thus
Surgeon-Major Dr. G. King in a direct communication to the writer
of these pages pointed out some years ago, that C. serrata differs
from C. Toona in habit, in growth at always higher elevations, in
wood, inflorescence and seeds, the latter having the membranous
expansion only at one end. Shipments of “Cedar-timber” (or rather
“ Cedrel-timber ”) have now and then been brought to Melbourne.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants. 57
RUTACEiE.
Halfordia drcpifera.
F. V. il. Fragm. Phytogr, Austr. v. 43.
Mai-Kussa ; Sir W. Macgregor.
Unless the ripe fruit, which is not available yet, should un-
expectedly exhibit marked differences, this plant ought not be
specifically separated. Referring further to Rutaceae it might be
noted, as here so very readily overlooked, that the genus Herzogia
(Schumann’s Flora von Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land 60), as mentioned
by the author himself, seemingly on suggestions by Warburg, is
founded on an abnormal state of Euodia hortensis ; see Uhlworm’s
Bot. Central Blatt 1889, p. 265. As regards the union of Melicope
with Euodia, to which under Herzogia is alluded, that measure has
received already in 1873 the support of so experienced a phyto-
grapher as Baillon (Ilistoire des Plantes, Rutacees p. 469). Connected
with this question it should be considered, that in the neighbouring
genus Boronia some species occur, as well known, with four sterile
stamens ; yet they by universal opinion have not been excluded
from that genus. The practical advantages of dealing with large
genera are much greater, than any disadvantages arising from the
union of such, as are founded on but slight differences. This
principle is also maintained throughout in Bentham and J. Hooker’s
great work.
Acradenia was transferred by the writer from the tribe Boroniaceae
to that of XanthoxylesB already 1867 (Papers of the Royal Society
of Tasmania p. 7-8) after then completed investigation of the
carpology of that genus.
A species of Citrus occurs as indigenous about 300 miles up the
Fly-River according to Mr. Baeuerleii; the size of the fruit was
that of a Seville-Orange.
URTICACEiE.
Ficus iiesperidifokmis.
King in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Iv. 401 (1886).
Eastern New Guinea ; II. 0. Forbes.
Besides the following species are by the same author described as
new in the above quoted publication chiefly from the same collection.
58
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
F. Edelfeltii, p. 402 ; F. Lawesii, p. 403 ; F. casearoides, p. 403,
for which the name F. Kingii may be substituted, as already a
F. casearia became described ; F. Scratchleyana, p. 404 ; F. Miquelii,
p. 405 ; F. Chalmersi, p. 406 ; F. Beriiaysii, p. 406 ; F. Pan-
toniana, p. 407 ; F. Baeuerleni, p. 408 ; F. durinscula, p. 408 ; F.
Oduardi, p. 409; F. pauper, p. 110; F. Soromensis, p. Ill; Dr.
King in the same periodical Ivi., gave additionally descriptions of
the following Papuan new species : F. conspicabilis, p. 61 ; F. mes-
piloides, p. 62 ; F. Conora, p. 62 ; F. Arfakensis, p. 63 ; F. Comitis,
p. 63 ; F. grandis, p. 64 ; F. D’Albertisi, p. 64 ; these from Dr.
Beccari’s collection. The Artocarpus Blumeanus, recorded by Schu-
mann in his Flora of Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land p. 39, is now referred
by him to Sarcocephalus.
POLYGONACE^.
Muehlenbeckia rhyticarpa.
F. V. M. Fragm. v. 92.
Wasi-Kussa; Sir W. Macgregor.
All parts of the plant are smaller than usual, and the fruits are
rather granular-rough and somewhat shining.
FICOIDE^.
Sesuvium Portulacastrum.
Litm4, Syst. Veg. Edit. Decima 1058.
Kapa-Kapa; Sir W. Macgregor.
LEGUMINOSAE.
Pterocarpus Papuanus.
F. V. M. in the Austral. Journ. of Pharm. April 1886.
Maiva and Kerepuna; Edelfelt.
Dioclea reflexa.
J. Hooker, Niger Flora 306.
New Guinea, precise locality not recorded.
Schizosiphon roseus of Schumann (Flora of Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land
p. 101) has changed its name into Schizoscyphus roseus (Uhl worm,
Bot. Central Blatt 1889, p. 205). The genus Hausemannia has
been reduced to the section Archidendron of Albizzia (L. S. of
N.S.W. sec. ser. v. 20).
59
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
MYRTACEiE.
Eucalyptus teeeticoknis.
Smith, Specimen of the Botany of New Holland 41.
Wasi-Kussa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
Eucalyptus terminalis.
F. T. M. in the Journal of the Linnean Society iii. 89.
Mai-Kussa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
There the broad-leaved form.
Metrosideros paradoxa.
F. V. M. Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. 1. 80.
Mai-Kussa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
Occasionally fruits occur with four cells ; the secession of the
exocarp is often imperfect.
%
Tristania suaveolens.
Smith in Rees’ Cyclopedia xxxvi (1817) j var. adenanthera.
Leaves large, lanceolar-ovate, much paler beneath and there bearing
a slight silk-like vestiture ; peduncles as long as the cyme; connate
portions of filaments glabrous and comparatively broad; anthers
terminated by a conspicuous glandule.
On grassy plains at the Fly-River; W. Bauerlen.
To 60 feet high. Whether this is really a distinct species, design-
able itnder the name adenanthera, will be shown, when the fruit
shall have been collected. Some mention of this plant was made
already in the Proc. L. S. of N.S.W., sec. ser. ii. 429.
Melaleuca symphyocarpa.
F. V. M. in Transact, of the Viet. Inst. ii. 44.
Mai-Kussa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
Leptospermum Javanicum.
Blume, Bijdr. 1100; var. Papuana.
Branchlets very slender, when young beset with soft hairlets
leaves of thin texture, short-stalked, narrowly elliptic-lanceolar, soon
glabrous, faintly three-venulated lengthwise ; flowers in terminal
60
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
clusters ; tube of the calyx as well as the bracts bearing a silk-like
indument ; calyx-lobes almost semi-orbicular, nearly glabrous ; petals
obovate-orbicular, conspicuously longer than the calyx ; stamens about
twenty-five ; anthers globular-ovate ; style short ; stigma depressed ;
ovulary beset with minute hairlets.
Mai-Kussa; Sir. W. Macgregor.
This agrees in most of the characteristics, given by Blume, but
the flowers are terminal. Fruits of the Papuan plant have as yet
not been obtained. The variety-name could become specific, should
this plant prove to be a distinct species.
Fenzlia obtusa.
Endlioher, Atacta 19, t. 17.
Hynes-River ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
The aspect is almost that of a Boronia. F. retusa should probably
be considered a mere variety. The genus was under the name
Lithocarpus first recorded as myrtaceous in the Proc. of the L. S.
ii. 185.
Eugenia Baeuerleni.
P. V. M. in the Austral. Journ. of Pharm., June 1886.
On the Strickland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
In the above publication notes also on Cleistocalyx and Acica-
lyptus were oflTered.
BEGONIACE^.
Begonia Siiarpeana.
F. V. M. in Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W., sec. ser. ii. 420, t. 7 (1887).
Aird-River ; Th. Bevan.
araliacea;:.
Panax fruticosa.
Liune, sp. pi. edit. sec. 1.513.
Aroa-River ; Armit.
Mentioned in the Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W., sec. ser. ii. 422
(1887).
The Rev. S. Whitmee sent specimens with much dissected leaves
from Samoa, where the popular name of the plant is Tani-Tani ; he
saw it wild in Manna.
61
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
VINIFERiE.
VlTIS ADNATA.
Wallich, numer. list. 5998.
On the Strlckland-River ; W. Baeuerlen.
PROTEACE.E.
Helicia Forbesiana.
F. T. M. in Viet. Naturalist iii. 63 (1886).
Near Soyera ; H. 0. Forbes.
The genus Cyanocarpus (Bailey) in Meston’s report on the Exped.
to Bellenden Ker Range 21 (1889) is best referred as sectional to
Helicia, inasmuch as the solitary characteristic, on which it rests,
the succulence of the pericarp, is one of degree ; thus the fresh
pericarpal layer is almost dry in some species and more or less
moist in others.
LORANTHACEiE.
Nothothixos subaureus.
Oliver in Journ. of the Linn. Soc. vii. 105.
Base of Owen-Stanley’s Ranges; H. 0. Forbes.
Mentioned already in the Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W., sec. ser.
ii. 422, as Papuan. Prof. Oliver has described in Hooker’s leones
Plantorum, third series, 1519, a closely allied species under the
name N. Molayanus. In examining the structure of the flowers of
this genus closely in 1855 from living plants, I became aware, that
it did not coincide with Viscum, but I was reluctant to publish
isolated observations in an order of such structural perplexity, re-
ferring the genus preliminarily to Tupeia. See Proceed. L. S. ii.
156 (1857).
RUBIACE^.
Mussaenda Bevani.
P. V. M. in the Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W., sec. set’, ii. 419, t. 6 (1887).
Aird-River ; Th. Bevan.
LaSIOSTOMA LORANTIIIFOLItm.
Bentham in Hooh. Lond. Journ. ii. 224.
New Guinea; Hinds. See also Note by Schumann l.c.
62 Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
PASSIFLOREJE.
Modecca australis.
R. Brown in De Candolle, prodr. iii. 337.
Fly-River ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
To this species seems referable M. populifolia, Zippel in Blume’s
Rumphia i., 168 t. 50, from Timor, published 1835, therefore seven
years after the description of R. Brown’s Carpentaria-plant had
appeared, both localities being not distant from New Guinea. The
fruits are delineated by Bauer as almost pear-shaped and the seeds
as only half enclosed in the aril ; but this is evidently explained by
the immaturity of the fruit, available to that distinguished artist. The
covering of the seeds described and by fig. 4 illustrated in Blume’s
work is given as short, but the main picture shows the fully developed
seeds quite enveloped in the aril, as indeed they are on specimens
from the Fly-River, and as likewise noted and illustrated by Blume
for M. obtusa and M. cordifolia. The coils of the tendrils in
Australian specimens are varying from one to seven. The male
flowers are pictured also in a young state only, which might account
for the extreme shortness of the filaments, and further they are
shown as tetramerous ; whether this is a really permanent and
peculiar characteristic, further research must prove ; in all other
species the flowers are recorded as pentamerous ; so they are found
also on this occasion, but in the few, available for dissection here,
one had of its five anthers only three well developed ; nevertheless
the normal occurrence of tetramerous flowers in Passiflora tetrandra
speaks for the likelihood of the same characteristic occurring within
the genus Modecca likewise. M. austi-alis occurs on the following
places as yet unrecorded for it : — King’s Sound, Chapman ; Collier-
Bay, Hughan ; Melville-Bay and Liverpool-River, Gulliver ; entrance
of the Victoria-River, F. v. M. ; Mackay- and Herbert-River,
Dallachy; Bloomfield-River, Miss Bauer; Endeavour-River, Persieh.
This plant climbs sometimes to the njipor branches of tall trees.
The fruit attains a length of four inches ; the pericarp is occasion-
ally two- or four-valved. Seeds very numerous, when mature
measuring a inch ; the aril, though succulent, is thin and as a
whole detractable ; the outer layer or the testa is pale, the inner or
endopleura is dark, hard, comparatively thick and intruding undularly
somewhat into the albnment.
63
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
CUCURBITACE^.
Alsomitra Muelleri.
Cogniaux in the Proc. L. S. of N.S.W. ii. 422 (1887).
Southern New Guinea ; Baeuerlen.
Melothria Papuana.
Cogniaux inedit.
Sonthern New Guinea ; nearest to M. Peneyana.
GOODENIACE^.
SC^VOLA OPPOSITIPOLIA.
Roxburgh, Flora Indica, ed. Carey i. 148.
Base of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ; H. 0. Forbes.
ERICACE^.
Rhododendron Carringtoni.®.
P. T. M. in the Victorian Naturalist iv. 110 (18).
On mountains at elevations of 6- 7,000 feet near Mount Obree ;
Cuthbertson and Sayer.
In reference to the affinities of this plant it may still be added,
that it differs from R. jasminiflornm in less copious flowers of about
double length, in its ovulary being beset with spreading hairlets and
being attenuated at the base, also in much longer style.
Catanthera ltsipetala.
F. v. M. in Britten’s Journal of Bot. xxv., Oct. 1886.
Sogore, close to the south of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ; H. 0.
Forbes.
Dimorphanthera Forbesii.
F. v. M. in Britten’s Journal of Bot. xxv., Oct. 1886.
Sogore and Mount Worri-Worri, 5,000 feet; H. O. Forbes.
•
SCROPHULARIN^.
Limnopiiila gratioloides.
R. Brown, prodr. 442.
Fly-River; Sir Will, Macgregor.
64
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
MYRSINACEJ3.
Akdisia poranthera.
F. V. M. and C. Moore in Transact. R. S. of N.S.W., June 1886.
Described from a plant of N. G., cultivated in the Sydney Botanic
Garden.
BIGNONIACEiE.
Tecoma dendrophila.
Blume, Rumphia iv. 35, t. 190.
Near the base of the Owen-Stanley’s Ranges ; II. 0. Forbes.
Ipomcea chryseides.
Ker in Bot. Regist, t. 210.
Fly-River ; D’Albertis.
Mentioned by me as Papuan in the Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W.,
sec. ser. ii. 422 (1887). The pubescent variety of I. congesta has
been sent from New Britain by Mr. Parkinson.
LABIATiE.
Plecteanthus longicornis.
F. T. M. Fragm. v. 51.
Wasi-Kassa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
apocynacea:.
Alyxia spicata.
R. Brown, prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 470.
Hynes-River ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
The lateral venules of the leaves are on the upper side more or
less prominent. The ripe fruit is yellow outside.
This species occurs in Australia westward to Port Darwin.
AlYXI.A LAURIXA.
Gaudichaud, voy. Freyc. 451, t. 62.
New Guinea ; Hinds. Recorded by Beutham in Hooker’s London
Journ. ii. 226. Also mentioned by Schumann. The genus Orchi-
peda, of which one species was described in vol. ii. 30 of this work,
has become superseded by the older Voacanga.
65
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants
LOGANIACE^.
Mitrasacme elata.
li. Brown, prodr. 453.
Mai-Kussa ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
A variety with smaller flowers. Fruit not seen.
FragRjEA Woodiana.
r. V. M. in the Austral. Journ. of Pharm. Sept. 1886.
Base of the Owen-Stanley’s Eanges ; H. 0. Forbes.
C0NIFERA3.
Araucaria Cunninghami.
Aiton in Sweet’s Hort. Brit. 475.
On ranges near Mt. Obree from 6,000 feet upwards. There first
seen by Mr. C. Hartmann. Notes on this Araucaria as Papuan
occur in the Victorian Naturalist of December 1887.
ORCHIDE^.
Crypripedium Rothschildiangm.
Sander in the Gardener’s Chronicle 1888, p. 457 and 554. J. Hooker, Bot,
Magazine 7102.
Introduced from New Guinea into England as a hot-house plant.
Probably other species of this extensive genus will be found yet in
New Guinea, where it seems to reach its southern boundary, as
hitherto we have searched for it vainly in Australia, even in the
jungle-country of Northern Queensland.
' Eria Kingii.
F. v. M. in the Southern Science Record ii. 71.
Mentioned already as also Papuan in the Proc. of the L. S. of
N.S.W., sec. ser. ii. 422 (1887).
Dendrobium arachnostaciiyum.
G. Reichenbach in the Gard. Chron. 1877, p. 334.
Cultivated in British hot-houses from New Guinea. Allied to D.
Mirbelianum. Notes on D. spectabile from a living cultivated plant
occur in the Victorian Naturalist June 1884.
66
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Dendrobium Willi AMS iANTJM.
G. Reichenbach in Gardener’s Chronicle 1885, p. 173, fig. 32.
S.E, New Guinea ; Goldie.
Dendrobium Cuthbertsoni.
r. V. M, in the Transact, of the R. S. of Viet. 1887, p. 7-8.
At elevations between 6,000 and 7,000 feet near Mt. Obree ; Cuth-
bertson and Sayer.
Allied to D. puniceum and D. cerasinum.
Dendrobium rutriperum.
G. Reichenbach in the Gardener’s Chronicle 1887, p. 746.
Cultivated as Papuan at Brussels. It belongs to the section Pedi-
lonum, near D. pleiostachyum.
Dendrobium ntcteriglossum.
G. Reichenbach in the Gardener’s Chronicle 1886, p. 616.
New Guinea. Cultivated in Belgium.
Allied to D. sinuatum and D, serra.
Sarcochilus platyphtllus.
Thriispermum platyphyllum ; G. Reichenbach in Uhlworm’s Bot. Central-
Blatt xxviii. 343 (1886).
North-Western New Guinea ; Beccari.
Near S. indusiatus.
%
Sarcochilus Beccarii.
Thrixspermum Beccarii ; G. Reichenbach in Uhlworm’s Bot. Central-Blatt
xxviii. 343 (1886).
N.W. New Guinea ; Beccari.
Flowers resembling those of Sarcanthus teretifolius.
Arachnis Beccarii.
G. Reichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 343 (1886).
N.W. New Guinea; Beccari.
Flowers similar to those of Vanda Roxburghii.
67
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
Cleisostoma firmulum.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 344 (1886).
N.W. New Guinea ; Beccari.
Near C. subviolaceum.
SaECANTHUS PEjEALTUS.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 344.
N.W. New Guinea ; Beccari.
Near S. Nagarensis.
LtrisiA Beccaeii.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 344.
N.W. New Guinea ; Beccari.
Near L. retusa.
CCELOGTNE BeCCAEII.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 344.
N.W. New Guinea; Beccari.
Allied to C. psittacina.
Miceostylis pedicellaeis.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 345.
N.W. New Guinea ; Beccari.
Allied to M. Rheedei.
Aphtlloechis Odoaedi.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii. 345.
N.W. New Guinea; Beccari.
The smallest of all.
Veydazygnba Papuana.
G. Beichenbach in Uhlw. Bot. Central-Blatt xxviii 345.
N.W. New Guinea.
H^MODORACE^.
H^modoeum coccineum.
B. Brown, prodr. 300.
Mai-Kussa.
68
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
PANDANACE^.
Pandanus Macgeegoeii.
F. T. M. and Solms-Laubach in der Bot. Zeitung xxxxrii. 511 (1889).
In the Louisiades, on Ferguson-Island ; Sir W. Macgregor.
Allied to P. Ceramicus and P. butyrophorus.
Pandanus stenocaepds.
Solm.s-Laubach in Annal. du jard. bot. de Buitenzorg ii.
Mt. Arfak, 5 - 7,000 ; Beccari.
Pandanus Papuands.
Solms-Laubach in Annal. de Buitenzorg ii.
Aru-Islands ; Beccari.
Pandanus subumbellatus.
Solms-Laubach in Annal. de Buitenzorg ii.
Aru-Islands ; Beccari.
Pandanus Beccaeii.
Solms-Laubach in Annal de Buitenzorg ii.
Aru-Islands ; Beccari.
Feeycinetia Beccaeii.
Solms-Laubach in Annal. de Buitenzorg ii.
Andai; Beccari.
The descriptions of these are reiterated in Just’s Bot. Jahres
Berichte xi. 613, 614.
palma:.
Calamus Cuthbeetsoni.
Beccari in Giornale Botanico Italiano xx. 179, 180.
At elevations of nearly 8,000 feet near Mt, Obree; Cutbbertson
and Sayer.
This species belongs to the section Coleospathm.
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants. 69
Pttchosperma Sateei.
Becoari in Giornale Botanico Italiano xx. 178.
At elevations of about 2,000 feet near Mt. Obree ; W. A. Sayer.
Ptychandea Obeeensis.
Beccari in Giornale Botanico Italiano xx. 178.
On high ranges near Mt. Obree ; Sayer.
Ptychandea Muelleeiana.
Beccari in Giornale Botanico Italiano xx. 177.
At elevations of about 7,000 feet near Mt. Obree; W. A. Sayer.
CYPERACE^.
CyPERUS DIGITATUS.
Roxburgh, fl. Ind. ed. Carey i. 209.
Fly- and Strickland-Rivers ; Baeuerlen. There to 10 feet high.
Mentioned already in the Proc. of the L. S. of N.S.W., sec. ser. ii.
422 (1887).
Gahnia aspera.
Sprengel, syst. veg. ii. 114.
Mai-Kussa ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
The advisability of uniting the genera Cladium and Gahnia can
hardly he questioned ; but as a specific appellation occurs first within
Gahnia, it is rendered necessary to suppress Cladium, although that
genus was the earliest defined of the two. On the principles, by
which they were kept separate, also within the same order the genus
Carex could be disintegrated.
SCHOENUS CALOSTACHYUS.
Poiret, Encycl. Meth. Suppl. ii. 251.
Sudest-Island, Lousiades ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
This plant has been identified by Mr. C. B. Clarke, the present
monographer of Cyperacem, who further states, that it is identical
with Cyclocampe Waigionensis, Steudel.
G
70
Descriptive Notes on Papuan Plants.
GRAMINE^.
Eeiachne squareosa.
E. Brown, prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 183.
Mai-Kussa ; Sir Will. Macgregor.
Eriachne pallescens.
E. Brown, prodr. fl. Nov. Holl. 184.
Mai-Kussa; Sir Will. Macgregor.
The closely allied E. ciliata is more beset with hairlets, and the
outer bracts are less prominently streaked.
A host of ferns and other acotyledonous plants have within the
last few years become additionally known from New Guinea, but to
them will be referred in this work at some future occasion.
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